Penerima tajaan menandatangani perjanjian itu.

It is a straightforward Subject–Verb–Object sentence:

• Penerima tajaan = the sponsorship recipient
• menandatangani = signs / signed
• perjanjian itu = that agreement / the agreement

So the structure is:

[Subject] penerima tajaan + [Verb] menandatangani + [Object] perjanjian itu

Penerima tajaan means recipient of sponsorship or sponsored recipient, depending on context.

Word by word:

• penerima = recipient, receiver
• tajaan = sponsorship, sponsored support

Malay often puts nouns together like this, where the second noun describes the first. So penerima tajaan literally feels like recipient sponsorship, but in natural English we translate it as recipient of sponsorship.

Penerima comes from the root terima, meaning receive.

The pattern is:

• terima = receive
• peN-
  • terima → penerima = receiver / recipient

This peN- prefix often makes a person or thing connected with the action.

So:

• mengajar = to teach
• pengajar = teacher

And similarly:

• menerima = to receive
• penerima = recipient

Menandatangani means to sign something.

It is built from tanda tangan, which means signature or literally hand mark/sign.

The verb form is:

• tanda tangan = signature
• meN- ... -i
  • tanda tangan → menandatangani = to sign something

This is a transitive verb, so it normally takes a direct object:

• menandatangani perjanjian = to sign an agreement
• menandatangani borang = to sign a form

So the long form is normal Malay word-building with affixes.

This happens because of a common sound/spelling change with the meN- prefix.

When meN- attaches to a base beginning with t, the t often disappears. So:

• tanda tangan → menandatangani

That is why you get menanda-... rather than mentanda-....

Also, once affixes are added, Malay writes the whole verb as one word:

• base: tanda tangan
• verb: menandatangani

Yes. Perjanjian is related to janji.

• janji = promise
• perjanjian = agreement, contract, treaty

The per- ... -an pattern often makes a noun related to a process, arrangement, or result. In this sentence, perjanjian is best understood as agreement.

So:

• janji = promise
• perjanjian = an agreement made between parties

In Malay, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the noun.

So Malay says:

• perjanjian itu = that agreement / the agreement
• rumah itu = that house
• buku ini = this book

This is different from English, where this/that comes before the noun.

In many contexts, itu can sound like either that or the, depending on what sounds natural in English.

By itself, Malay does not mark tense the way English does.

So menandatangani could mean:

• signs
• is signing
• signed
• sometimes even will sign, if the context makes that clear

The time usually comes from context or extra time words, such as:

• semalam = yesterday
• sekarang = now
• esok = tomorrow
• telah = already / has
• akan = will

So without more context, the sentence is tense-neutral.

It can be singular or plural, depending on context.

Malay nouns usually do not change form for singular vs. plural. So penerima tajaan could mean:

• the sponsorship recipient
• the sponsorship recipients

If Malay wants to make plurality clearer, it can use context, a number, or reduplication in some cases. But in a sentence like this, English has to choose singular or plural based on the wider situation.

Yes, this is an active sentence.

• Penerima tajaan = the doer
• menandatangani = active verb
• perjanjian itu = the thing being acted on

A passive version would be:

Perjanjian itu ditandatangani oleh penerima tajaan.

That means:

The agreement was signed by the sponsorship recipient.

Here:

• ditandatangani = is/was signed
• oleh = by

Malay uses active and passive quite a lot, so noticing this contrast is very useful.