Rak pameran itu penuh.

Malay often leaves out the verb to be in simple sentences.

So:

• Rak pameran itu penuh = That display rack is full
• Literally: display rack that full

This is completely normal in Malay. In this kind of sentence, Malay usually just puts:

• the thing/topic first: rak pameran itu
• then the description: penuh

So you do not need a separate word for is here.

Rak pameran is a noun phrase:

• rak = rack / shelf / stand
• pameran = exhibition / display

Together, rak pameran means something like:

• display rack
• display stand
• exhibition rack

Malay often forms this kind of phrase by putting two nouns together, where the second noun describes the function of the first.

So rak pameran is literally rack for display/exhibition.

In Malay, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the noun.

So:

• rak itu = that rack
• rak pameran itu = that display rack

This is different from English, where this/that usually comes before the noun.

A useful pattern is:

• noun + ini = this noun
• noun + itu = that noun

It can feel like either one in translation, depending on context.

Most directly, itu means:

• that

But in natural English, it can sometimes sound more like:

• the

So Rak pameran itu penuh could be understood as:

• That display rack is full
• or The display rack is full

if the speaker is referring to a specific rack already known in the conversation.

This is common in Malay: itu often helps make a noun phrase more definite or specific.

Because penuh is the predicate adjective here, meaning full.

Malay commonly uses the order:

• subject + adjective

So:

• Rak pameran itu = the subject
• penuh = the description

That gives:

• Rak pameran itu penuh = That display rack is full

This is the normal order.

Penuh usually means full, but the exact sense depends on context.

It can describe:

• a container being full
• a place being crowded/full
• a surface or area being filled up

In this sentence, with rak pameran, it most naturally means the display rack is full of items or filled up.

So the idea is probably not that the rack itself is physically complete, but that it has no more space left.

By itself, it is normally understood as singular:

• that display rack

Malay nouns usually do not change form for singular vs plural the way English does.

If the sentence needed to clearly show plurality, Malay might use context, a number, or reduplication, for example:

• rak-rak pameran itu = those display racks
• dua rak pameran = two display racks

But in your sentence, the default reading is singular.

Yes.

• Rak pameran ini penuh = This display rack is full
• Rak pameran itu penuh = That display rack is full

The difference is:

• ini = this
• itu = that

Both normally come after the noun phrase.

The standard, natural order is:

• Rak pameran itu penuh

Changing it to something like Penuh rak pameran itu would sound unusual in ordinary neutral speech.

Malay can sometimes move words around for emphasis in special contexts, but for a basic descriptive sentence, stick with:

• noun phrase + adjective

So the safest pattern is:

• Subjek + keterangan/deskripsi
• Rak pameran itu penuh

A simple approximate pronunciation for an English speaker is:

• rahk pah-meh-rahn ee-too puh-nooh

A few notes:

• r in Malay is usually lightly rolled or tapped
• a is generally like the a in father
• e in pameran here is like eh
• u in penuh is like oo
• final h in penuh may be light, but it is part of the word

A rough syllable breakdown:

• rak
• pa-me-ran
• i-tu
• pe-nuh

Yes. This is a very common Malay sentence type where the predicate is an adjective.

Structure:

• Rak pameran itu = noun phrase / subject
• penuh = adjective / predicate

So the whole sentence means that the subject has the quality of being full.

Other similar examples are:

• Bilik itu besar = That room is big
• Kotak ini berat = This box is heavy
• Jalan itu sempit = That road is narrow

Malay often uses this pattern without any word for is.