Ribut itu sudah berlalu.

In Malay, demonstratives like ini (this) and itu (that/the) usually come after the noun.

So:

• ribut itu = that storm / the storm
• not itu ribut

This is a very common Malay pattern:

• rumah itu = that house / the house
• buku ini = this book

In many contexts, itu can also feel like the, not only that.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Malay does not have a separate word exactly like English the, so itu often helps make a noun definite. Because of that, ribut itu may be understood as:

• that storm
• the storm

If the storm has already been mentioned, English will often translate it as the storm.

Sudah shows that something has already happened or is completed.

So in Ribut itu sudah berlalu, sudah tells us the storm has already passed.

Compare:

• Ribut itu berlalu. = The storm passes / passed / has passed
  (more neutral; tense depends on context)
• Ribut itu sudah berlalu. = The storm has already passed / The storm is over

Malay does not mark tense the way English does, so words like sudah are very useful.

Not exactly. It is better to think of sudah as a marker of completion or already.

Malay does not have a strict verb tense system like English. Instead, it often uses time words or aspect markers such as:

• sudah = already, completed
• sedang = in progress
• akan = will / going to

So sudah does not simply mean past tense. It means the action or state is viewed as already completed.

Berlalu is a verb meaning to pass, to go by, or in this context to be over / to pass away.

With things like time, weather, or events, berlalu often means:

• to pass
• to go by
• to come to an end

Examples:

• Masa berlalu. = Time passes.
• Hari itu sudah berlalu. = That day has passed.
• Ribut itu sudah berlalu. = The storm has passed.

The prefix ber- often forms intransitive verbs, meaning verbs that do not take a direct object.

In berlalu, it helps create the verb to pass / go by.

You do not need to translate ber- by itself every time. It often does not have a neat one-word English equivalent. It is more useful to learn the whole word:

• lalu can relate to passing or going past
• berlalu = to pass / go by

For learners, the safest approach is usually: learn berlalu as a complete vocabulary item.

Malay often does not need a verb like to be, and it also does not use auxiliaries like English has in the same way.

English says:

• The storm has passed
• The storm is over

Malay can express this more directly:

• Ribut itu sudah berlalu

Here:

• ribut itu = the storm
• sudah = already
• berlalu = passed / gone by

So Malay grammar is often more compact than English grammar.

Yes. Telah can also mark a completed action, much like sudah.

• Ribut itu sudah berlalu
• Ribut itu telah berlalu

Both are correct.

A rough difference:

• sudah is very common in everyday speech and writing
• telah can sound a bit more formal or written

In many contexts, they are interchangeable.

Sometimes, yes, depending on the meaning you want.

For example:

• Ribut itu sudah tamat is less natural, because tamat is more often used for things like events, programs, studies, or shows ending.
• Ribut itu sudah reda is also possible, but it means the storm has subsided/calm down, which is slightly different from passed.
• Ribut itu sudah berakhir can work in some contexts, but berlalu is especially natural for something passing by or being over.

So berlalu is a very good and natural choice here.

It is natural and correct.

Ribut itu sudah berlalu sounds normal in both literal and figurative use:

• literal: an actual storm has passed
• figurative: a difficult period is over

Malay also often uses this kind of phrasing metaphorically, similar to English the storm has passed.

A simple approximate pronunciation is ree-boot.

More roughly:

• ri sounds like ree
• but in Malay is closer to boot than English but

A few useful pronunciation notes:

• Malay spelling is fairly regular.
• The r is usually trilled or tapped lightly.
• The u is like the vowel in food, but shorter.

So ribut itu sudah berlalu is pronounced approximately:

ree-boot ee-too soo-dah ber-lah-loo

That is only an approximation, but it is close enough for a learner to start with.