Orang itu tidak sedarkan diri tetapi mempunyai nadi.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Literally, orang itu is person + that, because Malay normally places itu after the noun. In many situations, orang itu is translated as that person. But if the person is already known from the context, English may naturally translate it as the person.

So:

• orang itu = that person
• sometimes, in smoother English = the person

Because tidak is the normal negator for verbs, adjectives, and descriptive phrases, while bukan is mainly used to negate nouns or noun phrases.

Here, tidak sedarkan diri is a descriptive predicate meaning unconscious or not conscious, so tidak is the correct choice.

Compare:

• Dia tidak sedarkan diri. = He/She is unconscious.
• Dia bukan doktor. = He/She is not a doctor.

It is a set expression meaning to be unconscious.

A learner might try to break it up word by word, but it is best learned as a whole phrase. In medical or emergency contexts, tidak sedarkan diri is a common way to say that someone is not conscious.

So in this sentence:

• tidak sedarkan diri = is unconscious

Yes, tidak sedar is possible, but it usually means not aware, not realizing, or unaware in a broader sense.

By contrast, tidak sedarkan diri is a more specific expression for being physically unconscious.

So:

• tidak sedar = not aware / doesn’t realize
• tidak sedarkan diri = unconscious

That is why diri is important here: it helps form the fixed expression with the medical meaning.

Tetapi means but.

Yes, tapi is a very common shorter form in everyday speech and informal writing. The difference is mostly one of register:

• tetapi = more formal or neutral
• tapi = more informal and conversational

So this sentence could also be said as:

• Orang itu tidak sedarkan diri tetapi mempunyai nadi.
• Orang itu tidak sedarkan diri tapi mempunyai nadi.

Both are understandable.

Mempunyai means to have or to possess. It is more formal than ada in many contexts.

So:

• mempunyai nadi = has a pulse
• ada nadi = has a pulse / there is a pulse

In everyday speech, many speakers would simply say ada nadi, especially in an emergency. But mempunyai nadi sounds more formal, careful, or medical.

Here, nadi means pulse.

It refers to the detectable heartbeat or pulse in the body. In this sentence, it tells us that although the person is unconscious, the person is still alive and has a measurable pulse.

So:

• mempunyai nadi = has a pulse

Malay often does not use a separate word equivalent to English is in this kind of sentence.

English says:

• The person is unconscious

Malay simply says:

• Orang itu tidak sedarkan diri

This is normal. Malay often leaves out a copula like is/am/are when the meaning is clear.

So the first clause is complete even without a word for is.

Yes, this version sounds fairly formal or medical, especially because of mempunyai and tidak sedarkan diri.

A more everyday version might be:

• Orang itu pengsan tetapi masih ada nadi.

That means something like The person has fainted/is unconscious but still has a pulse.

A few notes:

• pengsan is common in everyday speech for fainted or passed out
• masih ada nadi means still has a pulse
• the original sentence is still perfectly correct, especially in formal or medical-style language

No, not by itself. Malay verbs do not change form for tense the way English verbs do.

So tidak sedarkan diri and mempunyai do not automatically mean present, past, or future. The time is usually understood from context.

In many situations, this sentence will naturally be understood as present:

• The person is unconscious but has a pulse

If you want to make timing clearer, Malay can add words such as:

• sedang for an ongoing situation
• sudah for already
• masih for still

For example:

• Orang itu masih mempunyai nadi. = The person still has a pulse.