Spes pacis cives fortiores reddit.

The sentence follows this pattern:

• spes pacis = the subject: the hope of peace
• cives = the direct object: the citizens
• fortiores = a predicate accusative/object complement: stronger
• reddit = the verb: makes / renders

So the structure is:

[subject] + [object] + [what the object becomes] + [verb]

In smoother English, that is something like:

The hope of peace makes the citizens stronger.

Spes is in the nominative singular, which is the normal case for the subject of a sentence.

Also, the verb reddit is third person singular, so it naturally goes with a singular subject:

• spes = singular
• reddit = singular

That is a strong clue that spes is the subject.

Pacis is the genitive singular of pax, pacis (peace).

The genitive often expresses of:

• spes pacis = hope of peace

So pacis depends on spes and tells us what kind of hope it is.

In this sentence, hope of peace is by far the most natural meaning.

A genitive like pacis can sometimes be understood in slightly different ways in Latin, but here the straightforward idea is:

• spes = hope
• pacis = of peace

So a learner should read it simply as hope for peace or hope of peace.

Because cives could be either nominative plural or accusative plural, you have to use context.

Here are the clues:

• reddit is singular, not plural.
• So the subject cannot be cives (citizens), because that would require a plural verb.
• The singular noun spes fits the singular verb reddit.

Therefore:

• spes = subject
• cives = direct object

Here cives is accusative plural.

It is the direct object of reddit, the people being affected by the action:

• The hope of peace makes whom stronger?
• the citizens

That gives us the accusative.

Because it goes with cives, which is plural.

Fortiores is the accusative plural form of the comparative adjective fortior (stronger / braver). It agrees with cives in:

• number: plural
• case: accusative
• and, in sense, with the people being described

So:

• cives fortiores = the citizens stronger

Because after verbs like reddere meaning to make / render, Latin often uses:

• a direct object in the accusative
• plus a predicate accusative describing what that object becomes

So in this sentence:

• cives = the object
• fortiores = what the object is made

This is similar to English:

• They made the citizens stronger.

Latin marks both the citizens and stronger in relation to the object.

Here reddit means makes, renders, or causes to become.

It comes from reddo, reddere, which can have several meanings depending on context, such as:

• give back
• restore
• render
• make

In this sentence, because it is followed by cives fortiores, the sense is clearly:

• makes the citizens stronger

Latin often uses reddere with an object plus a complement to mean make someone/something become...

So reddit is a very normal and idiomatic choice here.

Both of these patterns are possible in Latin:

• facere aliquem fortem = to make someone strong
• reddere aliquem fortiorem = to render someone stronger

Here reddit has a slightly more formal render/make feel.

Fortior is the comparative of fortis, which can mean:

• brave
• courageous
• strong
• steadfast

So fortiores could be understood as:

• stronger
• braver
• more courageous

The best choice depends on the translation you were shown and the context. Without further context, stronger or braver are both reasonable.

Latin comparatives do not always need an explicit than phrase.

Here fortiores simply means:

• stronger than before
• more strong/courageous than they otherwise would be

So the comparison is understood from the idea of change caused by the hope of peace.

Latin word order is much more flexible than English because case endings show how words relate to each other.

English usually depends heavily on order:

• The hope of peace makes the citizens stronger.

Latin can place words in different positions for style or emphasis:

• Spes pacis cives fortiores reddit
• Cives spes pacis fortiores reddit
• Fortiores cives spes pacis reddit

The basic meaning stays the same because the endings show the grammar.

Yes, there may be a mild rhetorical shape:

• Spes pacis comes first, so the sentence begins with the important idea the hope of peace
• reddit comes last, which is very common in Latin and gives the sentence a neat conclusion

So the order feels natural and slightly literary:

The hope of peace ... makes the citizens stronger.

Latin has no definite article like English the.

So:

• spes can mean hope or the hope
• pacis can mean of peace or of the peace
• cives can mean citizens or the citizens

You decide from context what sounds best in English.

They come from different declensions:

• spes, spei = 5th declension
• pax, pacis = 3rd declension
• civis, civis = 3rd declension

That is useful because learners often expect words in the same sentence to belong to the same pattern, but Latin mixes declensions freely.

In this sentence, spes is singular because:

• the verb reddit is singular
• the phrase spes pacis is a very natural singular idea: the hope of peace

It is true that some 5th-declension forms can look tricky, but here the singular verb makes the interpretation clear.

Yes. Since Latin has no article, both are possible in English.

Depending on style, you might translate it as:

• The hope of peace makes the citizens stronger.
• Hope for peace makes citizens stronger.

The second sounds more general and proverbial in English; the first sounds more specific.

A classroom pronunciation would be roughly:

• spays PAH-kiss KEE-ways for-tee-OH-rays RED-dit

If you prefer a more classical approximation:

• spays PAH-kis KEE-ways for-tee-OR-ays RED-dit

A few helpful points:

• c in classical Latin is always hard, like k
• v is often pronounced like w in restored classical pronunciation
• spes is one syllable
• pacis has the stress on the first syllable: PA-cis
• fortiores is stressed on o: forti-O-res

A beginner should especially notice these three things:

1. Case endings matter more than word order

   • spes is the subject
   • pacis depends on it
   • cives is the object

2. Latin uses a complement after certain verbs

   • cives fortiores reddit = makes the citizens stronger

3. Comparatives do not always need an explicit than

   • fortiores simply means stronger

This is a very good sentence for seeing how Latin builds meaning through endings rather than fixed English-style order.