Rana viridis per herbam salit.

Viridis is a third-declension adjective. For this adjective, the nominative singular masculine and feminine form is viridis, while the neuter is viride.

Since rana is feminine singular nominative, the adjective must agree with it, so viridis is correct.

In Latin, adjectives agree with the nouns they describe in gender, number, and case.

Here:

• rana = feminine, singular, nominative
• viridis = feminine, singular, nominative

So viridis matches rana exactly in the grammatical features that matter.

Because the preposition per takes the accusative.

So:

• herba = nominative form
• herbam = accusative singular

After per, you must use the accusative, so per herbam is correct.

Per usually means through, across, or sometimes along. It suggests movement through or over something.

So per herbam gives the idea that the frog is jumping through the grass or across the grass, depending on context.

Salit is:

• present tense
• indicative mood
• active voice
• third person singular

It comes from the verb salire, meaning to jump or to leap.

The ending -t tells you the subject is he/she/it.

Because the verb ending already shows the person and number.

In salit, the -t means he/she/it jumps. So Latin often leaves out subject pronouns unless they are needed for emphasis or contrast.

That is why rana is enough as the subject, and no extra word for it is necessary.

Yes. Latin word order is much more flexible than English word order because the endings show how the words function.

For example, these could still mean roughly the same thing:

• Viridis rana per herbam salit.
• Per herbam rana viridis salit.
• Salit rana viridis per herbam.

The exact emphasis may change, but the basic meaning remains clear because of the case endings and verb form.

Latin adjectives can come before or after the noun. Both are common.

So:

• rana viridis
• viridis rana

can both mean the green frog.

The choice may depend on style, rhythm, or emphasis rather than a strict rule.

It is singular.

The ending -am shows accusative singular for a first-declension noun like herba. If it were plural, you would expect herbas.

Because per emphasizes movement through/across something, while in often refers to being in/on something or movement into something, depending on the case used.

So:

• per herbam = through/across the grass
• in herba = in the grass

The sentence uses per because the action involves motion across or through the grass.

In a common Classical Latin pronunciation, you could say it approximately like:

RAH-na WI-ri-dis per HER-bam SA-lit

A few details:

• r is usually trilled or tapped
• v in Classical Latin is pronounced like English w
• h is lightly pronounced
• stress usually falls as shown above

So viridis would sound more like WI-ri-dis in Classical pronunciation.