Vir fortis timori non cedit.

Because vir is in the nominative singular, which is the case most commonly used for the subject of a finite verb.

In this sentence:

• vir = nominative singular, man
• timori = dative singular, not nominative
• cedit = he yields / gives way

So vir is the one doing the action, and timori is the thing he yields to.

Because fortis is the correct nominative singular masculine form of the adjective fortis, forte, meaning brave or strong.

Not all Latin adjectives use -us in the masculine nominative singular. Many do, such as bonus, but fortis belongs to a different adjective pattern, often called a third-declension adjective.

Here it agrees with vir in:

• gender: masculine
• number: singular
• case: nominative

So vir fortis means a brave man or the brave man.

Because the verb cedo, cedere often takes the dative when it means yield to, give way to, or submit to someone or something.

So:

• timor = fear
• timori = to fear

In smoother English we say yield to fear, but in Latin that idea is naturally expressed with the dative.

This is something English speakers often have to get used to: Latin verbs sometimes govern cases differently from English prepositions.

Cedit is:

• third person singular
• present tense
• active voice
• indicative mood

It comes from cedo, cedere.

So cedit means he yields, she yields, or it yields, depending on the subject. Here, since the subject is vir, it means he yields.

Because classical Latin does not have articles like English does.

So vir fortis can mean:

• a brave man
• the brave man
• sometimes simply brave man, depending on context

The context tells you which English article sounds best. Latin leaves that unstated.

Non usually goes before the word or phrase it negates. In a simple sentence like this, it commonly comes right before the verb.

So:

• cedit = yields
• non cedit = does not yield

That is the most straightforward and normal placement here.

Yes, Latin could say it differently, because Latin word order is more flexible than English word order.

For example, the same basic meaning could still be understood in forms such as:

• Vir fortis timori non cedit
• Timori vir fortis non cedit
• Non cedit vir fortis timori

The cases show the grammatical roles, so Latin does not rely as heavily on word order as English does.

That said, the given order is very natural:

• vir fortis introduces the subject
• timori gives the thing he yields to
• non cedit finishes with the negated verb

Because fortis is nominative singular here, and it matches vir in case, number, and gender.

• vir = nominative singular masculine
• fortis = nominative singular masculine/feminine form

But timori is dative singular, so fortis does not match it.

In Latin, adjectives normally agree with the nouns they describe. That agreement helps you see which words belong together.

The dictionary form is timor, timoris, a masculine noun meaning fear.

Timori is its dative singular form.

This is a third-declension noun, so its forms are not as immediately predictable to English speakers as first- or second-declension nouns. A learner often has to recognize that:

• timor = nominative singular
• timoris = genitive singular
• timori = dative singular

Not always. Cedo, cedere has a range of meanings, including:

• go
• withdraw
• retreat
• give way
• yield
• submit

Its exact meaning depends on context and construction.

With a dative object, as here, yield to or give way to is a very natural meaning:

• timori cedere = to yield to fear

So the sentence expresses not just physical movement, but moral firmness: the brave man does not give way to fear.

Yes. Both are possible, because Latin has no articles.

So depending on context, you might translate it as:

• a brave man
• the brave man
• even a courageous man

If the sentence is a general statement, English often uses a brave man. If the context is about a particular person already known, the brave man may fit better.

By itself, it could do either, but it very naturally sounds like a general truth or moral statement.

Latin often uses the singular in this way, where English might also use a general singular:

• A brave man does not yield to fear

So even though the grammar is singular, the idea can be broadly true of brave men in general.