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Discipula tacet, quamquam amicitiam amat.

Discipula tacet, quamquam amicitiam amat.
The female student is silent, although she loves friendship.
FromLesson 12inHardcore Latin
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Questions & Answers about Discipula tacet, quamquam amicitiam amat.

Why is discipula in the form discipula? What case is it?
Discipula is nominative singular, the subject of tacet (is silent). It’s a 1st declension noun meaning (female) student/pupil. The sentence is about what the student does, so nominative is the default case for the subject.
What tense/person is tacet? Why not taceo or tacuit?

Tacet is 3rd person singular, present indicative active from tacēre (to be silent): she is silent.

  • taceo would be 1st person singular: I am silent.
  • tacuit would be 3rd person singular perfect: she was silent / she has been silent.
Does Latin need a word for she here? How do we know it’s she?
No. Latin often omits subject pronouns because the verb ending shows the person/number. Here tacet = he/she/it is silent. We choose she in English because discipula is feminine.
What does quamquam do in the sentence?

Quamquam means although and introduces a concessive clause: a clause that gives a contrast to the main idea.
Structure here:

  • Main clause: Discipula tacet = The student is silent
  • Concessive clause: quamquam amicitiam amat = although she loves friendship
Why is it amicitiam and not amicitia?

Because amat (loves) takes a direct object in the accusative case.

  • amicitia = nominative (would be a subject)
  • amicitiam = accusative singular, the thing being loved: friendship
Is amicitiam amat literally “loves friendship”? Can amicitia mean “a friend”?

Yes, amicitiam amat literally means she loves friendship.
Amicitia normally means friendship (the relationship/quality), not a friend. A friend would typically be amicus (male friend) or amica (female friend). You could love a friend with amicam amat (she loves a female friend) or amicum amat (she loves a male friend).

Why is the verb amat at the end? Is word order flexible?
Latin word order is flexible because meaning is largely shown by endings (cases). Still, there are common patterns. Putting the verb last is a frequent neutral/default style, especially in simpler clauses: [object] + [verb] → amicitiam amat.
Why is there a comma before quamquam?

In many teaching materials (and in English-style punctuation), a comma is used to separate the main clause from the concessive clause: Discipula tacet, quamquam ....
Latin manuscripts didn’t use punctuation the way modern languages do, so commas are more about modern readability than “required” Latin grammar.

Does quamquam require the subjunctive like cum or ut sometimes do?
Typically, quamquam is used with the indicative, as here: amat (indicative). Some other concessive expressions more often take the subjunctive (e.g., quamvis, etsi can vary by style), but quamquam + indicative is very common and expected.
Could this sentence also mean “The student is silent, although she likes friendship” (not romantic love)?
Yes. Amāre can range from love to be fond of / like depending on context. Without more context, amicitiam amat can reasonably be taken as she loves/values friendship.
Why is it amicitiam (singular) and not plural?
Because amicitia as “friendship” is often treated as a singular abstract noun (a concept). You can have a plural (amicitiae) in some contexts (e.g., “friendships” or “friendly relations”), but the singular is the normal choice for the general idea.
What declension is amicitia, and how is amicitiam formed?

Amicitia is 1st declension. The accusative singular ending for 1st declension is -am, so:

  • nominative: amicitia
  • accusative: amicitiam
What’s the basic dictionary form (principal parts) of the verbs here?
  • tacet comes from taceō, tacēre, tacuī, tacitum
  • amat comes from amō, amāre, amāvī, amātum
    In beginner work, you often only need the 1st (present) and 2nd (infinitive) forms to recognize the conjugation and meaning.
Could we replace discipula with just ea (she)? Would it still be correct Latin?

Yes, you could say Ea tacet, quamquam amicitiam amat (“She is silent, although she loves friendship”). But Latin often prefers either:

  • the noun (for clarity), or
  • no explicit subject (if it’s clear from context).
    Using ea can add emphasis: she (as opposed to someone else).