Discipulus malum in mensa videt.

The student sees an apple on the table.

Breakdown of Discipulus malum in mensa videt.

• videre: to see
• discipulus: the student
• in: on
• malum: the apple
• mensa: the table

Questions & Answers about Discipulus malum in mensa videt.

Why is malum in the accusative case?

In Latin, the accusative case often marks the direct object of a verb. Here, malum is the thing being seen (direct object), so it must be in the accusative case.

Which word is the subject of the sentence?

The subject is discipulus (meaning "student"). Since Latin is an inflected language, the subject is usually identified by its nominative form, and discipulus is in the nominative singular.

Why is in mensa translated as “on the table”?

When the preposition in is paired with the ablative case (mensa is in the ablative singular), it typically means “in” or “on.” So in mensa is best understood as “on the table.”

Is the verb videt singular or plural, and how do we know?

Videt is the third-person singular form of the verb vidēre (“to see”). Latin verbs change form depending on who is doing the action. The ending -et indicates that he/she/it is performing the action, matching the singular subject discipulus.

Can this sentence have a different word order in Latin?

Yes. Latin often allows flexibility in word order because meaning is largely indicated by endings (cases). You might see variations like Discipulus in mensa malum videt or In mensa discipulus malum videt, and they would still be understood the same way. The most standard or common is subject–object–verb, but that’s not a strict rule in Latin.