Tempestas ingens venit.

Tempestas is nominative singular.

A very common way to spot the subject in Latin is:

• the subject is usually in the nominative
• the verb agrees with it in number

Here, venit is third person singular, so we expect a singular subject. Tempestas fits that role: the storm is the thing that comes.

Its dictionary form is tempestas, tempestatis (feminine), a third-declension noun.

In Latin, word order is much more flexible than in English.

So both of these are possible:

• tempestas ingens
• ingens tempestas

They both mean essentially a huge storm / the huge storm.

In this sentence, putting ingens after the noun is completely normal. Latin often uses adjective placement for style, emphasis, or rhythm, not because one position is strictly required.

Ingens agrees with tempestas in:

• gender: feminine
• number: singular
• case: nominative

Even though ingens does not have a clearly feminine-looking ending like a first/second-declension adjective would, it still agrees properly.

That is because ingens, ingentis is a third-declension adjective. In the nominative singular, ingens can be used for masculine, feminine, or neuter.

So here:

• tempestas = nominative singular feminine
• ingens = nominative singular feminine as well, even though the form looks the same as in other genders

Venit is third person singular from venio, venire, meaning to come.

In this sentence it matches the singular subject tempestas.

A useful extra point: in Latin writing without macrons, venit can be ambiguous:

• venit = comes / is coming (present)
• vēnit = came / has come (perfect)

Many textbooks leave macrons off in running text, so the meaning has to be taken from context or from the translation already provided.

Because Latin has no articles.

So tempestas ingens can mean:

• a huge storm
• the huge storm

Which one is best depends on the context.

This is very normal in Latin. Learners often want to insert an English-style a or the, but Latin simply does not require one.

Yes. Subject + adjective + verb is perfectly normal here:

• tempestas = subject
• ingens = adjective modifying the subject
• venit = verb

Also, putting the verb at the end is very common in Latin prose, though Latin is not rigid about this.

You could also see:

• Ingens tempestas venit
• Venit tempestas ingens
• Tempestas venit ingens

These all express roughly the same basic idea, but with slightly different emphasis.

They are:

• tempestas, tempestatis f. = storm, weather, season
• ingens, ingentis = huge, vast, enormous
• venio, venire, veni, ventum = come

This is useful because Latin words often appear in sentences in forms that are different from the form you look up in a dictionary.

No. Tempestas can mean several related things, depending on context, such as:

• storm
• weather
• season
• sometimes even a figurative stormy time or turmoil

In this sentence, because of the adjective ingens and the simple context, a learner will usually understand it as a literal great storm.

A rough Classical pronunciation would be:

tem-PE-stahs IN-gens WE-nit

A few helpful points:

• t is always a clear t
• g in ingens is always a hard g, as in get
• v in Classical Latin is pronounced like w, so venit sounds like wenit
• stress falls on pe in tempestas

If you are using Ecclesiastical pronunciation, the sound will be somewhat different, especially for v.

Yes. That is a very straightforward, literal translation if the verb is understood as present.

Depending on context, English might also prefer:

• A huge storm is coming
• The huge storm comes
• if the form is taken as perfect, A huge storm came

So the Latin is short and simple, but English may choose slightly different wording depending on what the teacher or text wants to emphasize.