uisaga je ibeul hwaginhaesseoyo.

-가 is the subject particle. It marks 의사 as the subject of the sentence:

• 의사가 = the doctor (as the subject)

In this sentence, 의사가 simply tells us who did the action.

If you used 의사는 instead, it would sound more like as for the doctor... or could add contrast, depending on context.
So:

• 의사가 제 입을 확인했어요. = The doctor checked my mouth.
• 의사는 제 입을 확인했어요. = As for the doctor, they checked my mouth. / possibly contrastive

Both are possible, but -가 is the neutral choice here.

제 means my in a polite or humble way.

It is the shortened form of 저의:

• 저의 = my
• 제 = my (shorter, much more common)

So:

• 제 입 = my mouth

A native English speaker might compare it to this:

• 내 = my (casual)
• 제 = my (polite/humble)

Since the sentence ends politely with -어요, using 제 fits naturally.

Yes, Korean often omits possessives like my when they are obvious from context, especially with body parts.

So both can work:

• 제 입을 확인했어요. = The doctor checked my mouth.
• 입을 확인했어요. = The doctor checked the mouth. / checked my mouth, if context makes it clear.

In a medical situation, including 제 can make the sentence clearer and more explicit. It is not unnatural at all.

-을 is the object particle. It marks 입 as the thing being checked.

• 입 = mouth
• 입을 = mouth + object marker

The verb 확인하다 acts on the mouth, so Korean marks it as the direct object.

Also, -을 is used because 입 ends in a consonant.

Compare:

• consonant-ending noun + 을
• vowel-ending noun + 를

Examples:

• 입을 = mouth + object particle
• 코를 = nose + object particle

It can sometimes be a little broad depending on context, but here 입 clearly means mouth.

In other contexts, 입 can sometimes feel closer to the mouth area in general, and Korean may use other words for more specific meanings:

• 입 = mouth
• 입술 = lips
• 입안 = inside of the mouth

In a sentence about a doctor examining someone, 입 is naturally understood as mouth.

확인하다 is a very common Korean verb meaning to check, to confirm, or to verify.

It is made from:

• 확인 = confirmation / checking
• 하다 = to do

So literally, it is something like to do a check/confirmation, but in natural English it is simply to check or to confirm.

In this sentence:

• 확인했어요 = checked / confirmed

Depending on context, 확인하다 can sound slightly more formal or systematic than some other verbs for looking or examining.

Because the sentence is talking about a completed action in the past.

• 확인해요 = checks / is checking / check(s)
• 확인했어요 = checked

So:

• 의사가 제 입을 확인해요. = The doctor checks my mouth / is checking my mouth.
• 의사가 제 입을 확인했어요. = The doctor checked my mouth.

The -했어요 part is the past polite form.

It comes from 확인하다.

Here is the breakdown:

• 확인하다 = to check / to confirm
• 확인해요 = checks / check / is checking
• 확인했어요 = checked

Why does it become 했어요?

Because 하다 in the past polite form becomes 했어요.

So:

• 하다 → 해요 → 했어요
• 확인하다 → 확인해요 → 확인했어요

This is a very common pattern with 하다 verbs.

Good question. Korean politeness has two different directions:

1. politeness toward the listener
2. honorific marking for the person being talked about

In 확인했어요, the sentence is polite to the listener because it ends in -어요.

But it does not add an honorific marker for the doctor. That means the speaker is not especially elevating the doctor grammatically.

If you wanted to show respect toward the doctor, you could say:

• 의사 선생님이 제 입을 확인하셨어요.
• 의사 선생님께서 제 입을 확인하셨어요.

So the original sentence is polite and natural, but not especially honorific toward 의사.

Because Korean normally uses Subject-Object-Verb order, unlike English, which usually uses Subject-Verb-Object.

English:

• The doctor / checked / my mouth

Korean:

• 의사가 / 제 입을 / 확인했어요
• The doctor / my mouth / checked

This is one of the biggest word-order differences English speakers notice when learning Korean.

Yes. That is the most natural translation.

A very literal word-for-word gloss would be:

• 의사가 = doctor + subject
• 제 입을 = my mouth + object
• 확인했어요 = checked

So the sentence structure is basically:

• The doctor my mouth checked

But in natural English, of course, you say:

• The doctor checked my mouth.

A natural pronunciation is approximately:

• 의사가 제 이블 화긴해써요

A few helpful notes:

• 입을 sounds like 이블 because the final ㅂ links to the following vowel.
• 확인 is often pronounced closer to 화긴 in normal speech.
• 했어요 is commonly pronounced like 해써요.

So if you say it smoothly, it will sound something like:

• 의사가 제 이블 화긴해써요

You do not need to over-pronounce every written consonant exactly as it appears. Korean pronunciation changes like this are very normal.