ganhosaga je pare bungdaereul gama jwosseoyo.

-가 marks 간호사 as the subject of the verb.

• 간호사가 제 팔에 붕대를 감아 줬어요.
  • The nurse wrapped a bandage on my arm.

Using -가 is very natural here because the sentence is simply identifying who did the action.

If you used 간호사는, it would sound more like you are setting up the nurse as a topic, often with a contrastive feeling, like:

• 간호사는 제 팔에 붕대를 감아 줬어요.
  • As for the nurse, she wrapped my arm with a bandage.

That version is possible, but in isolation 간호사가 is the more straightforward choice.

제 is the humble/polite form of 내 and means my.

Because the sentence ends in the polite style -어요, using 제 matches that level of politeness well:

• 제 팔 = my arm, in polite speech
• 내 팔 = my arm, in casual/plain speech

So:

• 간호사가 제 팔에 붕대를 감아 줬어요. is polite and natural.
• 간호사가 내 팔에 붕대를 감아 줬어. would be the casual equivalent.

Here, 에 marks the location/body part where something is applied or placed.

So 제 팔에 붕대를 감다 means something like:

• wrap a bandage on my arm
• put a bandage around my arm

In English, we might say on my arm or around my arm, but Korean often uses 에 for the place where the action happens.

Some similar examples:

• 손에 붕대를 감다 = wrap a bandage on the hand
• 머리에 모자를 쓰다 = wear a hat on the head
• 손에 장갑을 끼다 = put gloves on the hands

붕대 is the object of the verb 감다 here, so it takes the object marker -를.

• 붕대를 감다 = to wrap a bandage

In this sentence:

• 제 팔에 = on my arm
• 붕대를 = the bandage
• 감아 줬어요 = wrapped it for me

So the structure is basically:

[on my arm] [a bandage] [wrapped for me]

Good question — 감다 has multiple meanings, and the meaning depends on context.

Common meanings include:

• 눈을 감다 = close one’s eyes
• 머리를 감다 = wash one’s hair
• 붕대를 감다 = wrap a bandage
• 목도리를 감다 = wrap a scarf around

So in 붕대를 감다, 감다 means to wind/wrap around something.

This is a very common feature of Korean vocabulary: one verb can have several related meanings.

-아/어 주다 means to do something for someone.

So:

• 감았어요 = wrapped
• 감아 줬어요 = wrapped it for me / for someone

In your sentence, 감아 줬어요 shows that the nurse did this action as a helpful action benefiting the speaker.

That makes perfect sense here, because bandaging someone’s arm is something done for them.

Compare:

• 간호사가 붕대를 감았어요.

  • The nurse wrapped the bandage.
  • Neutral statement of the action.

• 간호사가 붕대를 감아 줬어요.

  • The nurse wrapped the bandage for me.
  • Adds the idea of benefit/kindness toward the speaker.

It is understood to be the speaker.

That idea comes from context, especially because the sentence says 제 팔 (my arm). So the meaning is naturally:

• The nurse wrapped a bandage on my arm for me.

Korean often leaves this kind of thing unstated when it is obvious from context.

If you wanted to make the recipient explicit, you could say something like:

• 간호사가 저에게 붕대를 감아 줬어요.
  • The nurse wrapped the bandage for me.

But in your sentence, that would usually be unnecessary because 제 팔 already makes it clear.

줬어요 is the past polite form of 주다.

The steps are:

1. 주다 = to give
2. As an auxiliary after another verb, it becomes 주어요
3. 주어요 contracts to 줘요
4. Past tense: 줬어요

So:

• 감아 주다 = to do the wrapping for someone
• 감아 줘요 = does/will wrap it for someone
• 감아 줬어요 = wrapped it for someone

This contraction is very common in everyday Korean.

Yes, both may be seen.

In Korean, when 주다 is used as an auxiliary verb after another verb, it is normally spaced:

• 감아 줬어요

But attaching it is also commonly seen:

• 감아줬어요

So for learners, the safest default is:

• write it with a space: 감아 줬어요

That makes the structure clearer:

• 감아 = wrapping
• 줬어요 = did it for someone

Yes, Korean word order is flexible, as long as the particles stay attached to the right words.

Your sentence has:

• 간호사가 = subject
• 제 팔에 = location/body part
• 붕대를 = object
• 감아 줬어요 = verb

This is very natural, but other orders are also possible:

• 간호사가 붕대를 제 팔에 감아 줬어요.
• 제 팔에 간호사가 붕대를 감아 줬어요.

These all mean basically the same thing, but the emphasis may shift slightly depending on what comes earlier.

For learners, the original order is a very normal and easy pattern to follow.

It shows both.

• 줬- = past tense
• -어요 = polite speech level

So 감아 줬어요 means wrapped for me in a polite way.

Compare:

• 감아 줘. = casual
• 감아 줬어. = casual past
• 감아 줘요. = polite
• 감아 줬어요. = polite past

No, not specifically.

The sentence is polite overall because it ends in -어요, but that is politeness toward the listener, not an honorific marker on the nurse.

So:

• 간호사가 = the nurse (plain subject form)
• 감아 줬어요 = polite to the listener

If you wanted to show respect toward the nurse as the subject, Korean might use honorific wording, depending on context. But in ordinary speech, 간호사가 ... 줬어요 is completely normal.

Because in Korean, possessive relationships are often shown simply by putting the possessor before the noun.

So:

• 제 팔 = my arm
• literally: my arm

You could say 제의 팔, but that sounds unnatural in normal speech.

This is very common in Korean:

• 제 이름 = my name
• 우리 집 = our house
• 선생님 책 = the teacher’s book

So 제 팔 is the normal way to say my arm.

Sometimes, yes.

Korean often omits things that are obvious from context, especially body parts.

For example, in the right situation, someone might say:

• 간호사가 팔에 붕대를 감아 줬어요.

and it could still be understood as The nurse wrapped a bandage on my arm.

But adding 제 makes it explicit and very clear, especially for learners or in a sentence presented on its own.

The full verb phrase is based on:

• 붕대를 감아 주다

Breaking it down:

• 붕대를 감다 = to wrap a bandage
• -아 주다 = to do it for someone

So the dictionary-style expression is:

• 붕대를 감아 주다

And the sentence uses its past polite form:

• 붕대를 감아 줬어요

No. 에게 is used for a person or animal recipient, not for a body part or location.

So:

• 제 팔에 = on my arm
• 저에게 = to me / for me

In this sentence, 팔 is a body part/location, so 에 is correct.

If you wanted to mention the person receiving the action, you might say:

• 간호사가 저에게 제 팔에 붕대를 감아 줬어요.

But that sounds repetitive and unnatural. Usually 제 팔에 already tells us enough.