abeojineun dambaereul piwoyo.

My father smokes cigarettes.

Breakdown of abeojineun dambaereul piwoyo.

• ~를: object particle
• ~는: topic particle
• 아버지: father
• 담배: cigarette

Questions & Answers about abeojineun dambaereul piwoyo.

What does the topic marker -는 do in 아버지는?

-은/는 marks the topic, roughly “as for …” or “speaking of ….” Here, 아버지는 means “as for (my) father.” It frames “father” as the topic and then tells you something about him (that he smokes). It can also imply contrast, as in: 아버지는 담배를 피워요, 어머니는 안 피우세요.
If the last syllable ends with a vowel (like 아버지), use -는; after a consonant, use -은.

Why is it 담배를 and not 담배가?

Because 피우다 (“to smoke”) is a transitive verb that takes an object. -을/를 is the object marker, so 담배를 = “cigarettes/tobacco (object).”
Use -를 after a vowel (담배), -을 after a consonant.

Why is it 피워요 and not “피우어요”? Is it different from 피어요?

• Base verb: 피우다 (“to smoke; to light/make bloom”)
• Polite present ending: -어요
• In speech, 우 + 어 → 워, so 피우어요 → 피워요.
• 피어요 comes from 피다 (“to bloom; to be lit”), not from 피우다. Don’t confuse:
  
  • 꽃이 피어요. “The flowers bloom.”
  • 담배를 피워요. “(He) smokes.”