ose jureumi isseoyo.

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Questions & Answers about ose jureumi isseoyo.

Why do we use after in 옷에 주름이 있어요?
Because marks the location or place where something exists. When you say 옷에 주름이 있다, you’re literally saying “Wrinkles exist on the clothes,” so (clothes) takes to show “on the clothes.”
Why is 주름이 the subject rather than 옷이?
In this sentence, the focus is on the existence of 주름 (wrinkles). Since wrinkles are the thing that “exists,” they take the subject marker -이. is simply the location (marked by ), not the subject.
What is the function of 있어요 here? Can I use 있습니다 instead?

있어요 is the polite informal present form of the verb 있다, which here means “to exist” or “to have.”
있습니다 is the more formal/polite version.
있어 is the casual version used among very close friends or younger people.
Choose the form based on how polite you need to be.

Why can’t I say 옷이 주름이에요 to mean “The clothes are wrinkled”?
Saying 옷이 주름이에요 literally means “The clothes are wrinkles,” which sounds unnatural. To express that wrinkles are present on the clothes, Korean uses the structure 옷에 주름이 있다. If you want a simpler predicate meaning “wrinkled clothes,” you use an adjective form (see next question).
How can I say “wrinkled clothes” using an adjective phrase?

You have two common options:
주름진 옷 – uses the adjective-forming suffix -진 (from 지다).
주름 있는 옷 – literally “clothes that have wrinkles.”
Both mean “wrinkled clothes.”

Is it okay to drop the particles and say 옷 주름 있어요?
In casual spoken Korean, dropping particles is common, so you might hear 옷 주름 있어요 or even 옷 주름 있어. However, for clear and correct grammar—especially when you’re learning—include the particles: 옷에 주름이 있어요.
How do I express “there are no wrinkles on the clothes”?

Simply replace 있어요 with its negative form 없어요:
옷에 주름이 없어요 – “There are no wrinkles on the clothes.”