geupjeonggeoreul hamyeon gamjeomi issseupnida.

급정거 is a noun meaning a sudden stop or sudden braking.

• 급 = sudden, urgent
• 정거 = stop

In real usage, 급정거를 하다 means to make a sudden stop / to brake suddenly.

So in this sentence, 급정거를 하면 means if you make a sudden stop.

Because 급정거 is being used as a noun here, and Korean often makes verbs with noun + 하다.

So the structure is:

• 급정거 = sudden stop
• 급정거를 하다 = to do a sudden stop, to brake suddenly

The 를 marks 급정거 as the object of 하다.

So:

• 급정거를 하면 = if you do a sudden stop

You may also see 급정거하다, which is essentially the same idea in a more dictionary-like verb form. But noun + 를 하다 is very common and natural.

하면 is the conditional form of 하다, and it means if (someone) does or sometimes when (someone) does, depending on context.

Breakdown:

• 하다 = to do
• 하면 = if one does / when one does

So:

• 급정거를 하면 = if you brake suddenly / if one makes a sudden stop

In this sentence, it gives a general rule: whenever sudden braking happens, there is a penalty.

감점이 있습니다 is a very common formal way to say there is a point deduction or points will be deducted.

Breakdown:

• 감점 = deduction of points, penalty in scoring
• 이 = subject marker
• 있습니다 = there is / there are

So literally, it is something like:

• There is a deduction of points.

This sounds natural in formal notices, rules, tests, and driving exam instructions.

Compared with other versions:

• 점수를 깎습니다 = points are reduced
• 감점을 받습니다 = you receive a deduction
• 감점이 있습니다 = there is a deduction / a penalty applies

The version in your sentence is especially common for signs, instructions, and official wording.

The 이 marks 감점 as the subject of 있습니다.

Korean is literally saying:

• 감점이 있습니다 = a deduction exists / there is a deduction

So 감점 is not the object here. It is the thing that exists.

That is why you get:

• 감점이 있습니다
  not
• 감점을 있습니다

Because 있다 does not take a direct object in this kind of sentence.

It can mean both, depending on context.

Korean often leaves out the subject when it is obvious or generic. So:

• 급정거를 하면 감점이 있습니다.

can mean:

• If you brake suddenly, points will be deducted.
• If one brakes suddenly, there is a penalty.
• Sudden braking results in a point deduction.

In something like a driving test or rulebook, English usually translates it as you, but Korean itself is often more general.

있습니다 is formal polite style.

This style is common in:

• announcements
• official instructions
• signs
• manuals
• tests
• workplace communication

So this sentence sounds appropriate for something like:

• a driving test rule
• an instruction booklet
• a formal notice

A less formal version would be:

• 급정거를 하면 감점이 있어요.

That is still polite, but less official.

Usually -면 is taught as if, and that works well here.

But in real Korean, -면 can also have a whenever/when feeling, especially in rules or repeated situations.

So:

• 급정거를 하면 감점이 있습니다

can feel like:

• If you brake suddenly, points will be deducted
• Whenever you brake suddenly, points are deducted

In this sentence, it describes a rule, so if and whenever are both good ways to understand it.

Because the conditional ending is added differently depending on the final sound of the verb stem.

For 하다:

• stem = 하-
• conditional = 하면

In general:

• after a vowel or ㄹ: -면
• after most consonants: -으면

Examples:

• 가다 → 가면 = if (someone) goes
• 먹다 → 먹으면 = if (someone) eats
• 하다 → 하면 = if (someone) does

So 하면 is just the correct conditional form of 하다.

Yes, that is also natural.

• 감점이 있습니다 = there is a deduction / a penalty applies
• 감점을 받습니다 = you receive a deduction

Both are correct, but the nuance is a little different:

• 감점이 있습니다 sounds more like an official rule or system statement
• 감점을 받습니다 focuses more on the person receiving the penalty

In a rulebook or testing context, 감점이 있습니다 often sounds especially natural.

In English, we often translate it passively:

• points will be deducted

But the Korean sentence is not using a special passive verb form. It is literally phrased more like:

• If there is sudden braking, there is a point deduction.

So the passive feeling comes from the meaning, not from a grammatical passive construction.

That is very common in Korean: instead of saying exactly who does what to whom, Korean often states the result or condition more neutrally.

It sounds like a rule or warning, especially in contexts where performance is being evaluated.

Typical situations include:

• a driving test
• a parking test
• a safety instruction sheet
• a scoring guide
• an official notice

So the sentence has the feel of:

• Sudden braking will result in a point deduction.

It is not casual conversation style; it sounds instructional and official.