pilgisiheom munjereul meonjeo hwaginhaessseupnida.

필기시험 means written test/exam.

It is made of:

• 필기 = writing, written work
• 시험 = test, exam

So 필기시험 contrasts with things like:

• 면접시험 = interview test
• 실기시험 = practical/performance test

In this sentence, it tells you what kind of exam the questions belong to.

를 is the object particle. It marks 문제 as the thing that was checked/confirmed.

So:

• 문제 = questions/problems
• 문제를 = the questions (as the object of the verb)

In other words, the speaker checked the exam questions.

It can mean either, depending on context. In everyday Korean:

• 문제 = problem
• 시험 문제 = test question(s)

In this sentence, because it is about an exam, 문제 means questions rather than problems in the general sense.

먼저 means first, before that, or ahead of other things.

It shows sequence:

• 필기시험 문제를 먼저 확인했습니다. = I checked the written exam questions first.

This implies there may have been other actions after that, such as solving them, reviewing answers, or checking something else.

확인했습니다 comes from the verb 확인하다, which means to check, to confirm, or to verify.

It breaks down like this:

• 확인하다 = to check/confirm
• 확인했- = checked/confirmed (past stem)
• -습니다 = formal polite ending

So 확인했습니다 means checked/confirmed in the formal polite past tense.

Korean is generally an SOV language: Subject–Object–Verb.

So instead of English I checked the questions, Korean naturally puts the verb last:

• (I) questions first checked

That is why 확인했습니다 appears at the end.

The subject is omitted, which is very common in Korean.

The sentence does not explicitly say I, we, or someone. Korean often leaves out subjects when they are understood from context.

So depending on context, it could mean:

• I checked the written exam questions first.
• We checked the written exam questions first.
• He/She checked the written exam questions first.

In many textbook-style translations, I is supplied naturally.

In this sentence, checked is usually the most natural translation.

확인하다 has a broad meaning:

• to check
• to confirm
• to verify

With 시험 문제 or documents, it often means look over/check. So here:

• 문제를 확인했습니다 = checked the questions

If the context were about whether something was correct or certain, confirmed might sound better.

Yes. Korean often stacks nouns together.

Here:

• 필기시험 = written exam
• 문제 = questions

So 필기시험 문제 means written-exam questions or the questions on the written exam.

This noun-stacking is very common in Korean, and English learners often need to learn to read these chunks from the end:

• main noun: 문제 = questions
• what kind of questions? 필기시험 questions

It uses the formal polite style: -습니다.

So 확인했습니다 is appropriate in:

• formal speech
• presentations
• reports
• workplace situations
• speaking respectfully to someone you do not know well

A more casual polite version would be:

• 필기시험 문제를 먼저 확인했어요.

A plain/casual version would be:

• 필기시험 문제를 먼저 확인했어.

The basic sentence is natural as written, but Korean word order is somewhat flexible as long as particles make the roles clear.

For example, these are possible:

• 필기시험 문제를 먼저 확인했습니다.
• 먼저 필기시험 문제를 확인했습니다.

Both are grammatical. The difference is mostly in emphasis:

• 먼저 earlier in the sentence can emphasize first
• the original version sounds very natural and neutral

The verb normally still stays at the end.

Korean does not have articles like a, an, and the.

So 필기시험 문제를 could mean:

• the written exam questions
• written exam questions
• sometimes even the questions on the written exam

The exact English choice depends on context, not on a separate article word in Korean.