inu no sewa wo simasu.

Here, の links 犬 and 世話.

• 犬 = dog
• 世話 = care, looking after

So 犬の世話 literally means the dog's care or care of the dog.
In natural English, that becomes taking care of the dog.

This の is not only for possession like John's book. It also connects nouns more broadly, so here it means something like:

• care related to the dog
• care for the dog

Because the thing being marked as the direct object is 世話, not 犬.

The basic pattern is:

• 世話をする = to take care of / to look after

So in this sentence:

• 犬の世話 = dog care / care of the dog
• 犬の世話をします = do the care of the dog

That is why を comes after the whole noun phrase 犬の世話.

A learner may expect something like 犬を… because English says take care of the dog, but Japanese builds it differently.

Yes. 世話をする is a very common expression.

It literally looks like:

• 世話 = care
• する = do

But together it means:

• to take care of
• to look after

So 犬の世話をします is a very natural way to say that someone takes care of a dog.

世話 is read せわ.

So the full sentence is:

• 犬の世話をします
• いぬ の せわ を します

Also, the particle を is pronounced お in modern Japanese, even though it is written を.

します is the polite form of する.

• する = plain form
• します = polite form

So:

• 犬の世話をする = plain/casual
• 犬の世話をします = polite

You would use します in normal polite conversation, with teachers, coworkers, customers, or people you do not know well.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Japanese します is a non-past form, so it may mean:

• I take care of the dog
• I will take care of the dog

The exact time is usually understood from context.

For example:

• If you are talking about your daily routine, it may mean I take care of the dog.
• If you are talking about a plan for later, it may mean I will take care of the dog.

Japanese often leaves out the subject when it is obvious from context.

So 犬の世話をします could mean:

• I take care of the dog
• We take care of the dog
• He/She takes care of the dog

In real conversation, the listener usually knows who is being talked about.

If you want to say it explicitly, you could add a topic or subject, for example:

• 私は犬の世話をします。 = I take care of the dog.

Yes. Japanese nouns usually do not change for singular or plural.

So 犬 can mean:

• a dog
• the dog
• dogs

The context tells you which is meant.

That means 犬の世話をします could refer to:

• taking care of one dog
• taking care of dogs in general
• taking care of a specific dog already known from context

No, that is not natural Japanese.

The usual expression is:

• 犬の世話をします

This is because Japanese treats taking care of the dog as doing dog-care, not as directly acting on dog with 世話する in that way.

So remember:

• natural: 犬の世話をする
• unnatural: 犬を世話する

世話 is broader than just feeding.

For a dog, 犬の世話 can include things like:

• feeding it
• giving it water
• walking it
• cleaning up after it
• brushing it
• generally looking after it

So it means overall care or looking after, not just one specific task.

The spaces are usually just for learners.

Normal Japanese writing would usually be:

• 犬の世話をします。

Japanese is normally written without spaces between words. Textbooks and beginner materials often add spaces to make the structure easier to see.

Yes, very often. This pattern is common.

For example:

• 子どもの世話をします。 = I take care of the child/children.
• 弟の世話をします。 = I take care of my younger brother.
• 病人の世話をします。 = I care for a sick person.

So X の 世話をする is a useful pattern meaning to take care of X.

Yes.

• 世話をします = take care of / will take care of
• 世話をしています = am taking care of / am engaged in taking care of / regularly take care of

So 〜ています often emphasizes an ongoing action or continuing state.

For example:

• 今、犬の世話をしています。 = I am taking care of the dog now.
• 犬の世話をしています。 = I take care of the dog / I am responsible for the dog's care.

Both are natural, but the nuance is a little different.