Learn Hardcore Japanese: hahaoya ha yasasii hito desu.

母親は優しい人です。
→ Usually understood as "My mother is a kind person."
If you really need to say someone else’s mother, you can specify:
- 彼の母親は優しい人です。 – His mother is a kind person.
- あなたのお母さんは優しい人ですね。 – Your mother is a kind person, isn’t she?

Leaving out "my" is normal and natural in Japanese.

What is the difference between 母, 母親, and お母さん?

All three are related to "mother", but the nuance and usage differ:

母 (はは)
- Used when talking about your own mother to someone outside your family.
- Polite, neutral, a bit formal.
- Example: 母は教師です。 – My mother is a teacher.
母親 (ははおや)
- Literally "mother parent".
- More formal, technical, or objective.
- Used in writing, news, explanation, or when speaking about a mother as a role.
- Example: 母親は子どもに大きな影響を与えます。 – Mothers have a big influence on their children.
お母さん (おかあさん)
- Polite, everyday word.
- Used:
  - To address your own mother: お母さん！ – Mom!
  - To talk about someone else’s mother politely: 田中さんのお母さん – Mr. Tanaka’s mother.
- You usually don’t call your own mother 母親 directly when speaking to her.

In your sentence, 母親は優しい人です。 sounds a bit neutral/formal.
For everyday speech about your own mom, you might more often say:

母は優しい人です。
In casual speech: うちの母は優しい人だよ。

Why do we need 人 after 優しい? Why not just say 母親は優しいです?

Both are possible, but they are slightly different:

母親は優しい人です。
- Literally: "Mother is a kind person."
- 優しい is describing 人 (person).
- Feels like a general description of her character or nature.
母親は優しいです。
- Literally: "Mother is kind."
- 優しい directly describes 母親.
- Also fine and natural; often used in conversation.

Why add 人?

Adding 人 emphasizes that "as a person, her personality/character is kind."
It can feel a bit more formal or complete, especially in written Japanese or introductions.

So:

Everyday speech: 母は優しいです。
Slightly more formal / descriptive: 母は優しい人です。

What does 優しい actually mean here? Is it only "kind"?

In this sentence, 優しい (やさしい) mainly means kind, gentle, or tender in terms of personality.

優しい has a few common meanings:

Kind / gentle / caring
- 優しい人 – a kind person
- 優しいお父さん – a gentle father
Soft / tender (in attitude, expression, etc.)
- 優しい声 – a gentle voice
- 優しい笑顔 – a gentle smile
A different word spelled やさしい (易しい) means easy (simple), but that is usually written with another kanji:
- この問題は易しいです。 – This problem is easy.

Here, with 母親は優しい人です。, it clearly means she is kind/gentle as a person, not "easy."

What does です do in this sentence? Is it just "is"?

です is a polite sentence ending that often corresponds to "is/am/are" in English, but its main function is to make the sentence polite.

In 母親は優しい人です。:

優しい人 – kind person
です – makes it polite and ties it together like "[she] is."

Important points:

です does not have a clear subject (like "she" or "it"). The subject is understood from context (here: 母親).
Without です, the sentence becomes casual:
- 母親は優しい人。 – casual, spoken, maybe a bit rough or childlike depending on context.
The plain (non-polite) copula form is だ:
- 母親は優しい人だ。 – plain form, used in casual writing/speech, not polite.

So, です = polite sentence ending roughly functioning as "is," but its core role is politeness, not tense or subject marking.

Why is there no word for "she" in this sentence?

Japanese usually omits subjects (I, you, he, she, etc.) when they are clear from context.

In 母親は優しい人です。:

母親は is the topic; it already tells you what the sentence is about.
English needs a pronoun ("she is kind"), but Japanese does not.

Adding a pronoun like 彼女 (she) here would be unnatural:

× 彼女は母親は優しい人です。 – incorrect / strange.
You could say 彼女は優しい人です。 if the context has already established who "she" is, but then you usually wouldn’t add 母親 as well.

So:

Japanese: 母親は優しい人です。
English: "She is a kind person." / "My mother is a kind person."
The "she" is built into the topic 母親は, not stated separately.

Can I change the word order, like 優しい人は母親です?

You can change the word order in Japanese more than in English, but not all changes sound natural or mean the same thing.

Original: 母親は優しい人です。
– As for mother, (she) is a kind person.
優しい人は母親です。
– As for the kind person, (it) is mother.
– This focuses on "the kind person" and identifies who that person is.

This second sentence sounds like:

You have already mentioned some 優しい人 in context,
and now you are saying, "That kind person is (actually) mother."

So:

母親は優しい人です。 – Telling you what mother is like.
優しい人は母親です。 – Telling you who the kind person is.

Both are grammatically correct, but not interchangeable in meaning or naturalness in most situations.

Why is は read as "wa" here, not "ha"?

The character は has two common readings:

As part of a word, it is read "ha":
- はな – read hana (flower)
- はは – read haha (mother)
As the topic particle, it is pronounced "wa":
- 母親は 優しい人です。
  – Here は is a particle, so it’s read wa.

This is simply a historical spelling convention:

It is written with the character は,
but pronounced "wa" when used as the topic marker.

So when you see X は Y, you read it as X wa Y.

Can I drop the particle は and just say 母親優しい人です?

In standard, correct Japanese, you should keep the particle は here.

母親は優しい人です。 – Natural, correct.
× 母親優しい人です。 – Sounds broken or like telegraphic speech.

Particles like は are very important for:

Showing the relationship between words,
Indicating the topic.

In very casual speech, people sometimes omit some particles (が, を, etc.), but は is much less commonly dropped in a sentence like this. If you remove it, it sounds ungrammatical or at best extremely casual/fragment-like.

For learners, it’s best to always include は here.

What is the difference between 母親は優しい人です and 母親が優しい人です?

Both は and が can follow nouns, but they have different functions:

母親は優しい人です。
- は marks 母親 as the topic.
- General statement: "As for mother, she is a kind person."
- Neutral description.
母親が優しい人です。
This can be understood in a couple of ways, and often needs more context:
1. As a relative clause when followed by another noun (e.g., 母親が優しい人が好きです – "I like people whose mother is kind"), but alone as a full sentence, it sounds odd or incomplete.
2. If forced as a stand-alone sentence, it can feel like you are identifying who the kind person is in contrast to someone else:
  - "It’s the mother who is the kind person." (emphasis on 母親 as the one who is kind, not someone else.)

In normal, simple description:

To say "My mother is a kind person.", you should use は:
- 母親は優しい人です。

Using が alone in this exact sentence is not the natural choice for a basic introduction.

Is this sentence polite or casual? How would I say it casually?

母親は優しい人です。 is in polite form because of です.

To make it more casual, you can:

Use だ (plain copula):
- 母親は優しい人だ。
Or drop the copula in very casual speech (especially in spoken language, with the right intonation):
- 母親は優しい人。 – Very casual, can sound feminine or childlike depending on context.

In everyday casual talk about your own mother, you might more naturally say:

母は優しい人だよ。
うちの母は優しいよ。 (here 人 is omitted)

Why is 母親 written with kanji and は written in hiragana?

Japanese uses a mix of:

Kanji (Chinese characters),
Hiragana (syllabary for grammar and native words),
And Katakana (for foreign words, emphasis, etc.).

In 母親は優しい人です。:

母親 (母 = mother, 親 = parent) – content word → written in kanji.
は – grammatical particle → usually written in hiragana.
優しい – adjective; 優 is kanji, しい is hiragana ending.
人 – noun person → kanji.
です – polite copula → hiragana.

General rule of thumb:

Content words (nouns, verb stems, adjective stems) → often in kanji.
Grammatical parts (particles, endings, です, ます, etc.) → in hiragana.

So this mix is normal and expected in standard written Japanese.