Learn Hardcore Japanese: koreigai ni situmon ga arimasu ka? - Do you have any questions besides this?

ある/あります is used for inanimate or abstract things (books, time, problems, questions).
いる/います is used for living beings (people, animals). Examples:
本があります。 (There is a book.)
子どもがいます。 (There is a child.)
質問があります。 (I have a question.)

What does the に after 以外 do?

Noun + 以外に means “besides/other than [Noun], …” and the whole phrase modifies the verb that follows.

これ以外に質問がありますか。 = “Besides this, are there (any) questions?” Related patterns:
Noun + 以外の + Noun: “Noun other than X.” Example: これ以外の質問 (questions other than this).
Noun + 以外は: “Except for X, …” sets a contrastive topic, often followed by a negative. Example: これ以外は質問はありません。 (Except for this, there are no questions.)

Can I say これ以外の instead? As in これ以外の質問はありますか？

Yes. これ以外の質問はありますか？ is perfectly natural. Nuance:

これ以外に質問は/がありますか？: adverbial “apart from this, are there questions?”
これ以外の質問はありますか？: directly modifies “questions” as a set “questions other than this.” In practice both are common.

Should it be 質問が or 質問は here?

Both work, but the nuance differs:

質問がありますか: neutral “Are there (any) questions?” (pure existence).
質問はありますか: topical/contrastive, commonly used in this kind of “any questions?” prompt. When combined with 他に/これ以外に, は is very common: 他に質問はありますか？

Is 他に more natural than これ以外に here?

Often, yes. 他に質問はありますか？ (ほかに) is the go-to phrase for “Any other questions?”
Use これ以外に when you’re explicitly contrasting with a specific “this” (e.g., this question/topic/option you’ve just discussed). 他に doesn’t need a specific antecedent and feels smoother in general Q&A.

Should I add ご and say ご質問?

In polite or customer-facing contexts, yes. ご質問 is the honorific form referring to someone else’s questions.

Neutral: 質問はありますか？
Polite: ご質問はありますか？
Very polite: 何かご質問はございますか？

Can I use ございます instead of あります?

Yes, to raise politeness:

ご質問はございますか？ or 何かご質問はございますか？ Pairing ございます with the honorific ご質問 is standard in formal/business settings.

Why is there both か and a question mark?

In modern writing, you’ll often see both. Options:

Formal/written: …ありますか。 (no question mark necessary)
Common modern style: …ありますか？ (both)
Casual speech (no か, rising intonation): …ある？ (often with just ？ in text)

Are spaces usually written between words like this?

No. Japanese normally doesn’t use spaces between words. The standard writing is:

これ以外に質問がありますか？

How do I read 以外, and how do I avoid confusing it with 意外?

Both 以外 (other than) and 意外 (unexpectedly) are read いがい (igai). You distinguish them by kanji and context:

以外: exclusion/“other than”
意外: “unexpectedly/to one’s surprise” Example: 意外に難しい (surprisingly difficult) vs これ以外に (other than this).

Can I add も and say これ以外にも質問はありますか?

Yes. も adds the sense of “also/too”: “Besides this, are there also (any) questions?”
It’s especially natural after one question has just been asked/answered:

Very common variant: 他にも質問はありますか？

Can I change the word order, like 質問はこれ以外にありますか？

Yes. 質問はこれ以外にありますか？ is fine and slightly foregrounds “questions” as the topic. Word order is flexible as long as particles are correct.

Can I shorten it in casual speech?

Yes. Common casual/elliptical forms:

他に質問ある？
質問ある？
他に質問は？ (trailing topic, inviting response)
To a group: 質問ある人？

Why not use 持つ (to have) for “have a question”?

For possession of abstract things like questions, time, problems, the natural verb is ある:

Natural: 質問があります。 (I have a question.)
Unnatural: 質問を持っています。 (sounds like physically holding a question)

What’s the difference between 以外に, 以外は, and 以外で?

以外に: besides/other than X, used adverbially.
Example: 日本料理以外に何が好きですか。 (Besides Japanese cuisine, what do you like?)
以外は: everything except X (contrastive topic), often with negative statements.
Example: 彼以外は来ませんでした。 (No one except him came.)
以外で: “in settings/ways other than X.”
Example: 授業以外で日本語を使いますか。 (Do you use Japanese outside of class?)

What exactly does これ refer to?

これ is a context-dependent pointer. In this sentence it typically refers to:

the question/topic just addressed,
the item/option currently on the screen/handout,
the example you just discussed. If it’s not clear from context, you can name it: このトピック以外に, この問題以外に, etc.

Is there a common negative-question version to invite questions?

Yes. これ以外に質問はありませんか？ or more commonly 他に質問はありませんか？
Negative questions here feel gently encouraging, like “Any questions at all?”

Which is more common overall when wrapping up a talk?

Most presenters say:

他に質問はありますか？
or the more formal 何かご質問はございますか？ Your original これ以外に質問がありますか？ is fine when contrasting with a specific “this,” but the two above are the most universal.