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Usages of kotosi
今年 は 売り上げ が 多少 上がりました。kotosi ha uriage ga tasyou agarimasita.
This year sales went up somewhat.
今年 は まだ 旅行 に 行って いません。kotosi ha mada ryokou ni itte imasen.
I haven't traveled yet this year.
今年 の 春 の 連休 は 短い ので、 近く の 山 に 行く 予定 です。kotosi no haru no renkyuu ha mizikai node, tikaku no yama ni iku yotei desu.
This spring’s holiday break is short, so I plan to go to a nearby mountain.
息子 も 娘 も 外 で スポーツ を するの が 好き だ から、 今年 の 冬 は あまり 病気 に ならない と いい です。musuko mo musume mo soto de supootu wo suruno ga suki da kara, kotosi no huyu ha amari byouki ni naranai to ii desu.
Since both my son and daughter like playing sports outside, I hope they don’t get sick much this winter.
Test yourself: What does kotosi mean?
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Japanese verbs conjugate based on tense, politeness, and mood. For example, the polite present form adds ‑ます to the verb stem, while the past tense uses ‑ました. Unlike English, Japanese verbs don't change based on the subject — the same form works for "I", "you", and "they".
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