zyuuminhyou wo onegaisuru.

It is read:

• 住民票 = じゅうみんひょう
• を = を (pronounced like お)
• お願いする = おねがいする

So the full reading is:

じゅうみんひょう を おねがいする

住民票 is a noun. It refers to an official resident record / certificate of residence issued by a city or ward office.

Even if you already know the overall meaning, it helps to know that this is a very common administrative word in Japan.

を marks the direct object of the verb.

In this sentence, the thing being requested is 住民票, so:

• 住民票を = a resident record / the resident certificate as the object
• お願いする = to request

So grammatically, 住民票 is the thing the speaker is asking for.

お願いする is a very common expression meaning to request, to ask for, or to ask someone to do something.

It comes from:

• お願い = request, favor
• する = to do

So literally it is something like to make a request.

Compared with 願う, お願いする is much more common in everyday Japanese for making requests. 願う exists, but it is less common in ordinary conversation and can sound more formal, literary, or fixed-expression-like.

The お is an honorific/polite prefix.

Base form:

• 願い = wish, request

With the prefix:

• お願い = request / favor, with a more polite feel

This does not automatically make the whole sentence fully polite, though. The sentence still ends in the plain dictionary form する, not the polite します.

So:

• お願いする = plain form
• お願いします = polite form

Yes, but it sounds more like:

• a plain-form statement
• a note to oneself
• a description of an action
• a line in a dialogue or narrative meaning I’ll request a residence certificate / to request a residence certificate

If you are actually speaking to a clerk, the more natural thing is usually:

• 住民票をお願いします。

That sounds like A resident certificate, please / I’d like to request a residence certificate.

So 住民票をお願いする。 is grammatical, but in real-life customer speech, お願いします is more natural.

Japanese often leaves out information that is obvious from context.

In a fuller sentence, you might explicitly say who you are asking:

• 市役所の窓口に住民票をお願いする。
  to request a residence certificate at/from the city office counter

But in many real situations, the listener already knows the person or office being asked, so Japanese simply omits it.

That is why 住民票をお願いする can stand on its own.

The main difference is style and function.

• 住民票をお願いする
  plain/dictionary form; sounds like to request a residence certificate or I request a residence certificate in a non-polite style

• 住民票をお願いします
  polite form; very natural when directly asking someone for it

You can think of them like this:

• お願いする = dictionary/plain form, used in explanations, writing, narration, or casual speech
• お願いします = polite request used in actual interaction

Not automatically, but it depends on context.

Plain form is not always rude. It can simply be:

• neutral
• informal
• dictionary-style
• used in written instructions or notes

However, if you say it directly to a clerk, it may sound too blunt or unnatural compared with:

• 住民票をお願いします。
• 住民票をいただきたいです。
• 住民票を発行してください。

So the plain form is fine grammatically, but in customer-service situations, a polite form is usually better.

Potentially, yes. お願いする is broad and can mean to request in different ways depending on context.

For example, it can mean:

• asking for an item
• asking for a service
• asking someone to do something

With 住民票をお願いする, the most likely meaning in everyday administrative context is to request a copy of the residence certificate.

But Japanese often relies on situation more than English does, so the exact nuance comes from context.

Japanese has several ways to express requests, and they sound different.

For example:

• 住民票をください。
  Please give me a residence certificate.
  Direct and common

• 住民票をお願いします。
  A residence certificate, please.
  Very common and polite in service situations

• 住民票をお願いする。
  to request a residence certificate / plain-form statement

• 住民票をもらう。
  to receive/get a residence certificate
  This focuses more on receiving than on requesting

So お願いする focuses on the act of making the request.

Yes. It can be used both with:

1. things

   • 住民票をお願いします。
   • コーヒーをお願いします。

2. actions/services

   • 確認をお願いします。 = Please check
   • よろしくお願いします。 = Please treat me favorably / Thank you in advance

So in this sentence, it is perfectly normal for お願いする to be used with 住民票, because the speaker is requesting that item/document.

It is best understood as a noun + する construction.

• お願い = noun
• する = verb to do

Together they function as a verb phrase:

• お願いする = to request

This pattern is extremely common in Japanese:

• 勉強する = to study
• 連絡する = to contact
• 相談する = to consult
• お願いする = to request

So even though お願い looks noun-like, the whole expression acts like a verb.

The safest natural choice is:

• 住民票をお願いします。

Other possible polite versions are:

• 住民票を一通お願いします。
  One copy of the residence certificate, please.

• 住民票を発行してください。
  Please issue a residence certificate.

• 住民票をいただきたいのですが。
  I’d like to get a residence certificate.

So the original sentence is useful for understanding grammar, but in real interaction, お願いします is the form you will probably hear and use most often.