It is read:
いしゃ は けっか を ぶんせきした。
Word by word:
In this sentence, は marks 医者 as the topic.
So 医者は tells us that the sentence is talking about the doctor.
A useful way to think of it is:
In natural English, you usually would not translate は directly every time. It mainly sets up what the sentence is about.
を marks the direct object of the verb, meaning the thing that receives the action.
Here:
So:
A simple pattern is:
Yes, 分析した functions here as the verb part of the sentence.
It comes from:
Together, 分析する means to analyze.
Then する changes to the past tense した:
This type is called a suru-verb. Many Japanese words of Chinese origin work this way.
Japanese normally puts the main verb at the end.
So this pattern is very common:
In this sentence:
English usually puts the verb earlier:
Japanese usually saves it until the end.
Both are possible, but they have different levels of politeness.
The sentence you were given is in plain style, which is common in:
If you wanted to say it politely, you could say:
This is a subtle but important point.
は marks the topic, not necessarily the grammatical subject in every situation. However, in a simple sentence like this, 医者 is both:
So for practical beginner purposes, you can understand 医者は here as the doctor doing the analyzing.
The main thing to remember is:
At an early stage, it is enough to know that 医者は sets up the doctor as what the sentence is about.
Japanese usually does not mark articles like English does.
So:
English translations add the, a, or results because English requires them more often.
In this sentence, the intended meaning is clear from context, so Japanese does not need to mark those things explicitly.
The basic order here is very natural:
But Japanese word order is somewhat flexible as long as the particles make the roles clear.
For example, this is also possible:
That can sound more marked, as if emphasizing the results first.
Even if the order changes, the particles still show the roles:
So Japanese relies a lot on particles, not only on word order.
Yes. Japanese often omits information that is clear from context.
So if everyone already knows you are talking about the doctor, you could simply say:
That would mean something like:
Japanese frequently leaves out subjects and topics when they are understood, much more than English does.