kikai ha kuuki no ryou wo seigyosimasu.

は marks the topic of the sentence. Here, 機械は means something like as for the machine or the machine in the context of what is being discussed.

So the sentence structure is:

• 機械は = as for the machine
• 空気の量を = the amount of air
• 制御します = controls

In natural English, we usually just say The machine controls the amount of air, but in Japanese the topic marker は is doing an important grammatical job.

Also, even though it is written は, in this use it is pronounced わ.

の often links two nouns. In this sentence, it shows that 量 (amount) belongs to or is related to 空気 (air).

So:

• 空気 = air
• 量 = amount/quantity
• 空気の量 = amount of air

You can think of の here as similar to of in English.

This pattern is very common in Japanese:

• 水の温度 = the temperature of the water
• 車のドア = the car’s door / the door of the car
• 日本の文化 = Japanese culture / the culture of Japan

を marks the direct object of the verb. It tells you what is being acted on.

Here:

• 空気の量を = the amount of air
• 制御します = control

So the thing being controlled is 空気の量.

A simple way to think about it:

• X を 制御します = control X

Even though を is written with the kana を, in modern Japanese it is usually pronounced お.

Japanese sentences usually put the verb at the end. This is one of the biggest differences from English.

English:

• The machine controls the amount of air.

Japanese:

• Machine + topic / amount of air + object / controls

So the sentence follows a very common Japanese pattern:

• Topic は Object を Verb

In this case:

• 機械は
• 空気の量を
• 制御します

That end-of-sentence verb placement is completely normal in Japanese.

制御します is the polite present/future form of the verb 制御する.

Breakdown:

• 制御する = to control
• 制御します = control / will control / does control

This -ます form is polite and very common in textbooks, explanations, and everyday polite speech.

The plain form would be:

• 機械は空気の量を制御する。

That sounds less polite and more neutral/plain.

It can mean present or future, depending on context.

So 制御します could mean:

• controls
• will control

In a sentence like this, it usually describes a general function, so controls is the most natural English translation.

Japanese often does not separate present and future as clearly as English does.

Japanese does not have articles like a, an, or the.

So 機械 could mean:

• a machine
• the machine
• just machine(s) in a general sense

And 空気の量 could mean:

• the amount of air
• an amount of air
• air quantity, depending on context

The exact meaning is decided by context. In this sentence, English naturally uses the machine and the amount of air, but Japanese does not need separate words for that.

It is read:

きかい は くうき の りょう を せいぎょします。

Word by word:

• 機械 = きかい
• は = written は, pronounced わ
• 空気 = くうき
• の = の
• 量 = りょう
• を = written を, usually pronounced お
• 制御します = せいぎょします

A natural full reading is:

きかいは くうきのりょうを せいぎょします。

Yes, 空気量 is also possible in some contexts, especially technical writing.

The difference is roughly this:

• 空気の量 = the amount of air
  
  • more transparent and beginner-friendly
  • very natural in normal sentences
• 空気量 = air volume / air quantity
  
  • more compact
  • often sounds more technical or specialized

So in a general sentence, 空気の量 is very natural. In engineering or technical documents, 空気量 may also appear.

Using は makes 機械 the topic: as for the machine...

That is very natural when you are describing what a machine does.

If you used が instead:

• 機械が空気の量を制御します。

this would put more focus on the machine as the one doing the controlling, often with a nuance like:

• The machine is the one that controls the amount of air
• It is the machine that controls the amount of air

So:

• は = topic, more neutral for general statements
• が = subject focus, often more specific or contrastive

In a basic descriptive sentence, は is a very common choice.

No. Normally, Japanese is written without spaces:

機械は空気の量を制御します。

Spaces are often added in beginner materials to make the sentence easier to read and to show where words or particles begin and end.

So the spaced version is for learning, but the normal written form has no spaces.

Yes, if the topic is already understood from context, Japanese often omits it.

For example, if you are already talking about a machine, you might simply say:

空気の量を制御します。

That could mean:

• It controls the amount of air
• [The machine] controls the amount of air

Japanese frequently leaves out subjects and topics when they are obvious from context. That is very normal.

It is common, but it sounds somewhat formal or technical. 制御する is often used for machines, systems, devices, and processes.

Examples:

• 温度を制御する = control the temperature
• 速度を制御する = control the speed
• システムを制御する = control a system

In casual everyday speech about people, you might more often hear other verbs depending on the meaning, but for machinery and engineering, 制御する is a very natural choice.