yuge ga takusan aru.

There is a lot of steam.

Breakdown of yuge ga takusan aru.

• が: subject particle
• たくさん: many
• ある: to exist/have
• 湯気ゆげ: steam rising from hot water

Questions & Answers about yuge ga takusan aru.

How do you read 湯気?

It is read ゆげ.

湯 means hot water, and 気 here is part of the word for vapor/steam. As a whole, 湯気 means steam or water vapor, especially the visible steam rising from something hot.

Why is が used after 湯気?

が marks 湯気 as the thing that exists.

With ある and いる, the thing that exists is usually marked by が:

• 猫がいる。 = There is a cat.
• 本がある。 = There is a book.
• 湯気がある。 = There is steam.

So in 湯気がたくさんある, が shows that steam is the thing being talked about as existing.

Why does the sentence use ある instead of いる?

Because 湯気 is not alive.

Japanese usually uses:

• いる for living things that move on their own, such as people and animals
• ある for non-living things, abstract things, and substances

Since steam is not a living thing, ある is the correct verb.