Learn Hardcore Italian: Un violinista prova la scala musicale sotto un ampio gazebo bianco. - A violinist rehearses the musical scale under a wide white gazebo.

Because violinista ends in -ista, it can be either masculine or feminine. The article tells you the gender. Here, un violinista means a male violinist. If you meant a female, you’d say una violinista.

Is violinista always masculine when the noun ends in -ista?

No. Nouns ending in -ista are epicene: the form stays the same, but the article (and any adjectives) shows gender.
• il violinista (m) / la violinista (f)
• un violinista (m) / una violinista (f)

What does prova mean here?

Prova is the third-person singular present tense of provare. Literally it means “he/she tries” or “he/she tests.” In a musical context it’s better translated as “he practices” or “he rehearses.”

Why is there a definite article la before scala musicale, and not una?

In Italian, when you talk about something in a general or habitual sense—like practicing the musical scale—you use the definite article.
• prova la scala musicale = “he practices (the) musical scale” as a routine.
Using una would suggest you’re referring to one specific scale among many.

What does scala musicale mean, and why use musicale?

Scala can mean “ladder,” “staircase,” or “scale.” Adding musicale clarifies that you’re talking about a musical scale, not a staircase.

Why is musicale placed after scala rather than before it?

Most descriptive adjectives in Italian follow the noun. Since musicale simply describes the type of scale, it goes after: scala musicale. Only certain adjectives (e.g. size, quantity, beauty) often appear before the noun.

Why is sotto used directly before un ampio gazebo without an extra a (as in sotto a un gazebo)?

The preposition sotto normally governs the noun directly: sotto + article + noun. So you say sotto un gazebo. Adding a (i.e. sotto a un gazebo) is colloquial and less standard.

What does ampio mean, and why is it placed before gazebo?

Ampio means “wide,” “spacious,” or “large.” Adjectives of size often precede the noun in Italian to convey a general quality. Hence ampio gazebo = “a spacious gazebo.”

Why is the color adjective bianco after gazebo, while ampio is before?

Color adjectives almost always follow the noun in Italian (gazebo bianco). Size adjectives (like ampio) commonly come before. The position can subtly affect emphasis or style.

What is gazebo in Italian, and how do you form its plural?

Gazebo is borrowed from English but treated as a masculine noun in Italian (il gazebo). The standard plural is i gazebi, though some speakers leave it invariable (especially in spoken language).

Why are ampio and bianco both in the masculine singular form?

Adjectives in Italian must agree in gender and number with the noun they describe. Since gazebo is masculine singular, both ampio and bianco take the masculine singular endings.