Learn Hardcore Italian: Il sogno raggiunto rende felice la mia famiglia. - The achieved dream makes my family happy.

Raggiunto is the past participle of the verb raggiungere ("to reach" or "to achieve"). In this sentence, it functions as an adjective modifying il sogno (the dream), indicating that the dream has been achieved. It agrees in gender and number with sogno (masculine singular).

How is the sentence structured in terms of subject, verb, and complement?

The sentence is structured as follows: Il sogno raggiunto is the subject; rende is the verb (third person singular of rendere, meaning "to make"); and felice la mia famiglia is the predicate complement. Here, felice is an adjective describing the state of la mia famiglia, so the sentence translates to "The achieved dream makes my family happy."

Why does the adjective felice remain unchanged even though la mia famiglia is feminine?

In Italian, the adjective felice has the same form for both masculine and feminine singular nouns. Therefore, even though famiglia is feminine, there is no need to change the ending—it remains felice.

Can the phrase il sogno raggiunto be rephrased using a relative clause? What would that look like?

Yes, it can be rephrased with a relative clause. Instead of il sogno raggiunto, you could say il sogno che ho raggiunto. Both forms mean "the dream that I have achieved," with the latter using a relative pronoun and a full verb form instead of a past participle.

Is it possible to rewrite this sentence in the passive voice? If so, what would the passive construction be?

Yes, the sentence can be rewritten in the passive voice. One possible passive construction is: La mia famiglia è resa felice dal sogno raggiunto. In this version, la mia famiglia becomes the subject receiving the action, and dal sogno raggiunto indicates the agent responsible for making the family happy.