L'involucro edilizio include l'infisso e la vetrocamera.

Because in Italian, the singular definite article becomes l' before a vowel.

So:

• l'involucro
• l'infisso

This happens with both masculine and feminine singular nouns before vowels.

By contrast, vetrocamera begins with a consonant and is feminine singular, so it takes la:

• la vetrocamera

The articles tell you:

• l'involucro = masculine singular
• l'infisso = masculine singular
• la vetrocamera = feminine singular

The endings also help:

• nouns ending in -o are often masculine
• nouns ending in -a are often feminine

So involucro and infisso fit a common masculine pattern, and vetrocamera fits a common feminine one.

Because in Italian, adjectives often come after the noun.

So:

• involucro edilizio = literally something like envelope building-related
• natural English: building envelope

This noun + adjective order is very common in Italian.

Edilizio is an adjective meaning related to building or construction.

It comes from edilizia, which refers to the construction/building sector. In this sentence, edilizio describes involucro, so involucro edilizio is a technical expression for the outer shell of a building.

Include is the third-person singular present tense of includere (to include).

A few forms are:

• io includo = I include
• tu includi = you include
• lui/lei include = he/she/it includes

So L'involucro edilizio include... means The building envelope includes...

Because Italian normally does not use a separate helping verb like do/does in ordinary affirmative sentences.

The single verb include already means includes.
If you want emphasis in Italian, you usually rely on context, stress, or different wording, not an extra verb like English does.

Because Italian normally uses the article with each noun when listing specific things, especially when the nouns have different genders.

Here you have:

• l'infisso = masculine
• la vetrocamera = feminine

So repeating the article is the natural choice. Omitting the second article would sound odd here.

Yes. Vetrocamera is normally written as one word.

It is a compound noun:

• vetro = glass
• camera = chamber/space

In technical usage, it refers to the insulated glass unit, often similar to what English speakers call double glazing or insulated glazing, depending on context.

They are related, but they are not the same thing.

• infisso usually refers to the window/door fixture or frame unit as installed
• vetrocamera refers specifically to the sealed glass unit, usually made of multiple panes with a space between them

So the sentence names two different components.

The normal word for and is e.

The form ed is only used in limited cases, mainly before a word beginning with e in more careful or formal style. Since the next word here is la, the normal form is simply:

• l'infisso e la vetrocamera

A rough pronunciation guide is:

leen-vo-LOO-kro eh-dee-LEE-tsyo een-KLOO-deh leen-FEES-so eh la veh-tro-ka-MEH-ra

A few helpful notes:

• l'involucro and l'infisso are said smoothly, without a pause after l'
• c in camera sounds like k
• ss in infisso is pronounced more strongly than a single s
• z in edilizio sounds like ts

The main plural forms are:

• l'involucro → gli involucri
• l'infisso → gli infissi
• la vetrocamera → le vetrocamere

So a plural version could be:

Gli involucri edilizi includono gli infissi e le vetrocamere.