Dokter gigi mencabut gigi itu.

Because the two gigi words are doing different jobs:

• dokter gigi is a fixed noun phrase meaning dentist
  
  • literally, something like tooth doctor
• gigi itu means that tooth or the tooth

So the first gigi is part of the profession name, and the second gigi is the actual object being extracted.

Dokter means doctor in general, while dokter gigi specifically means dentist.

Indonesian often makes compound nouns by putting two nouns together:

• dokter gigi = dentist
• literally doctor tooth

This is very normal in Indonesian. The second noun helps specify the type of the first noun.

The base word is cabut, which has the idea of pull out, uproot, or remove by pulling.

mencabut is the active verb form built from that base. In this sentence, it means to extract or to pull out.

A useful way to think about it:

• cabut = root/base meaning
• mencabut = active verb, something like to pull out / to extract

In standard Indonesian sentences with a clear actor doing something to an object, the meN- verb form is very common.

The sentence follows the common Indonesian order:

• Dokter gigi = subject
• mencabut = verb
• gigi itu = object

So it is:

Subject + Verb + Object

That is one reason this sentence feels fairly straightforward to English speakers.

Here, itu means that or sometimes the, depending on context.

In Indonesian, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the noun:

• gigi itu = that tooth / the tooth
• dokter itu = that doctor

This is different from English, where that comes before the noun.

So gigi itu is normal Indonesian word order.

It can often be understood as either, depending on context.

In many real situations, itu can do one of two things:

• point something out: that tooth
• mark something as already identifiable in context: the tooth

So if you are translating into natural English, the best choice depends on the situation. Indonesian does not match English articles word-for-word.

Because Indonesian usually does not use articles the way English does.

English requires things like:

• a dentist
• the dentist
• a tooth
• the tooth

Indonesian often leaves that information to context, or uses words like itu when needed.

So:

• dokter gigi could mean a dentist, the dentist, or just dentists/dentist depending on context
• gigi itu is more specific because of itu

No, not in this sentence.

Because itu normally modifies the noun phrase immediately before it, gigi itu goes together as one unit.

So this sentence means:

• Dokter gigi = the dentist
• mencabut
• gigi itu = that tooth / the tooth

If you wanted that dentist, you would say:

• dokter gigi itu

Yes. mencabut gigi is a natural and common expression for pulling out or extracting a tooth.

It is a good everyday phrase and sounds normal in medical or everyday contexts.

It is an active transitive verb.

That means:

• active: the subject is doing the action
• transitive: the verb takes a direct object

Here:

• subject: dokter gigi
• verb: mencabut
• object: gigi itu

So the dentist is actively doing something to the tooth.

A common passive version would be:

• Gigi itu dicabut dokter gigi.

That means The tooth was extracted by the dentist or The dentist extracted the tooth, depending on how you translate it.

Compare:

• Dokter gigi mencabut gigi itu. = active
• Gigi itu dicabut dokter gigi. = passive

This is a very useful contrast in Indonesian.

Not necessarily.

You could say:

• Seorang dokter gigi mencabut gigi itu.

That would mean A dentist extracted that tooth and explicitly introduces one dentist.

But Indonesian often omits words like seorang when they are not needed. So:

• Dokter gigi mencabut gigi itu.

is completely natural.

By itself, dokter gigi does not explicitly mark singular or plural.

Context usually tells you.

In this sentence, it is normally understood as singular because the action sounds like one specific dentist performing one action. But Indonesian nouns generally do not change form for singular vs. plural the way English nouns often do.

If you really wanted to make it clearly plural, you might use context or reduplication in some situations, but that is not needed here.

Yes. Like many Indonesian nouns, gigi does not change form for singular and plural.

So gigi can mean:

• tooth
• teeth

Context tells you which one is meant.

In this sentence, because of the situation and itu, it is most naturally understood as a single tooth: that tooth / the tooth.