Gula disimpan di toples kaca di dapur.

Yes. Disimpan is the passive form of simpan (to store / keep).

• simpan = root
• menyimpan = active, to store / keep
• disimpan = passive, is stored / is kept

So Gula disimpan ... literally means Sugar is stored ...

This kind of passive is very common in Indonesian, especially when the thing affected by the action is the topic of the sentence.

They are two different things:

• di- attached to a verb = passive prefix
  
  • disimpan = is stored
• di written separately = preposition meaning in / at / on
  • di toples = in the jar
  • di dapur = in the kitchen

A useful spelling clue:

• If it is attached to a verb, write it together: disimpan
• If it shows location, write it separately: di dapur

Because they give two layers of location:

• di toples kaca = where the sugar is directly stored
• di dapur = where that jar is located

So the structure is:

• Gula = sugar
• disimpan = is stored
• di toples kaca = in a glass jar
• di dapur = in the kitchen

English does the same thing: Sugar is stored in a glass jar in the kitchen.

It means glass jar.

In Indonesian, the noun often comes first and the describing word comes after it:

• toples = jar
• kaca = glass

So toples kaca literally looks like jar glass, but in natural English it is glass jar.

This noun + modifier pattern is very common in Indonesian.

Indonesian usually does not use articles like a, an, or the.

So:

• gula can mean sugar or the sugar
• toples kaca can mean a glass jar or the glass jar
• dapur can mean a kitchen or the kitchen

The exact meaning depends on context. Indonesian often leaves this unspecified unless it really needs to be made clear.

By itself, gula does not show singular or plural clearly. In this sentence, it is normally understood as sugar in the mass-noun sense, not sugars.

Indonesian often does not mark plural unless needed. Context usually tells you.

Yes. That is also natural.

• di toples kaca = in the glass jar
• dalam toples kaca = inside the glass jar

Both can work, but dalam emphasizes the inside more clearly. In everyday Indonesian, di is often enough.

No, toples is generally considered a loanword, originally from Dutch. But it is a normal everyday Indonesian word now, and learners should treat it as standard vocabulary.

It means a jar or container, often one used for storing food.

Yes. An active version would be something like:

• Ibu menyimpan gula di toples kaca di dapur.
• Saya menyimpan gula di toples kaca di dapur.

That means:

• Mother stores the sugar in a glass jar in the kitchen
• I store the sugar in a glass jar in the kitchen

The passive sentence leaves out the person doing the action and focuses on gula.

Because Indonesian uses passive structures very naturally, often more freely than English.

In English, Sugar is stored in a glass jar in the kitchen is fine, but in Indonesian this kind of passive is especially common when:

• the doer is unknown,
• the doer is unimportant,
• or the speaker wants to focus on the thing being discussed.

Here, the important topic is gula, not who put it there.

Not in this sentence. Here kaca clearly means glass because it describes toples.

• toples kaca = glass jar

If kaca meant mirror, the context would be very different.

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation is:

• di-SIM-pan

Roughly:

• di as in dee
• sim with a short i
• pan like pahn

Stress in Indonesian is usually not as strong as in English, but saying di-SIM-pan will sound close enough for a learner.

Yes, but the original order is very natural.

Original:

• Gula disimpan di toples kaca di dapur.

Possible variation:

• Di dapur, gula disimpan di toples kaca.

This puts extra focus on in the kitchen. Indonesian allows this kind of movement, especially for setting the scene or emphasizing location.