Learn Hardcore Indonesian: Apakah Anda telah menukar barang ini atau masih ingin tukar besok? - Have you exchanged this item or do you still want to exchange it tomorrow?

You can drop it in everyday speech and rely on intonation: Anda sudah menukar barang ini, atau masih ingin menukar besok?
In casual Indonesian, you may also see Apa at the start: Apa Anda sudah menukar barang ini…? (colloquial, not as formal as Apakah).

Is telah natural here? How is it different from sudah and udah?

All three convey “already,” but differ in tone:

telah: very formal/written (news, official notices).
sudah: neutral, most common in speech.
udah: colloquial/slangy. More natural in a store context: Apakah Anda sudah menukar barang ini… rather than telah.

Why is it menukar first but just tukar later after ingin? Shouldn’t they match?

After modals like ingin, mau, harus, bisa, akan, speakers often use the base verb (no meN- prefix), especially in speech:

Formal/neutral: masih ingin menukar (barang ini) besok
Colloquial/concise: masih ingin tukar besok Both are acceptable; using menukar after ingin sounds a bit more formal/careful.

Shouldn’t there be an object after tukar in the second clause? It feels like something is missing.

The object is understood from context (barang ini) and can be omitted. If you want to make it explicit and smooth, add the clitic -nya:

…atau masih ingin menukarnya besok? (…or do you still want to exchange it tomorrow?)

What’s the difference between menukar and menukarkan?

menukar [obj] = exchange/replace something (most common and perfectly correct here).
menukarkan [obj] (dengan …) = exchange something (often with an explicit counterpart or a benefactive nuance). Examples:
Saya menukar barang ini.
Saya menukarkan barang ini dengan ukuran yang lebih besar. In your sentence, prefer menukar.

How do I say “return for a refund” instead of “exchange”?

Use mengembalikan (to return) or refund terms:

Saya ingin mengembalikan barang ini.
Apakah bisa refund? or Apakah bisa pengembalian dana? menukar is for swapping an item (e.g., size/color), not for getting your money back.

Is Anda the most natural way to address a customer? What about Bapak/Ibu, Mas/Mbak?

Anda is polite and neutral but can feel impersonal. In service contexts, it’s more common and warmer to use:

Bapak (Mr./sir), Ibu (Mrs./ma’am) for older adults.
Mas (male), Mbak (female) for younger adults (esp. Java/Jakarta). Example: Apakah Ibu sudah menukar barang ini atau masih ingin menukarnya besok?

Is using atau (“or”) like this okay in a question? Could I use ataukah?

Yes, atau to present alternatives in questions is natural. Ataulah/ataukah is more formal/emphatic and less common in speech. You could also simply ask with intonation and a pause:

Anda sudah menukar barang ini, atau masih ingin menukarnya besok?

Can I move besok earlier in the sentence?

Yes. Time adverbs are flexible:

Apakah Anda sudah menukar barang ini atau besok masih ingin menukarnya?
Besok Anda masih ingin menukarnya, atau sudah menukar sekarang? Placing besok at the end (as in your sentence) is also natural.

Could I use the common pattern sudah … atau belum? to ask this?

Absolutely. It’s very idiomatic:

Sudah menukar barang ini atau belum?
More formal: Apakah Anda sudah menukar barang ini atau belum?

Should it be barang ini or barang itu/tersebut?

ini = this (near the speaker or just mentioned, often the item in your hand).
itu = that (not near the speaker, or known from context).
tersebut = “the aforementioned” (formal/written). In a face-to-face exchange with the item in front of you, barang ini is perfect.

Would a passive form sound natural/polite here?

Yes, passive focuses on the item and can sound polite:

Apakah barang ini sudah ditukar, atau Anda masih ingin menukarnya besok? This is common in service situations, especially when the item is the topic.

What’s the difference between ingin and mau here?

Both mean “want,” but:

ingin = slightly more formal/polite, expresses desire.
mau = very common in everyday speech, a bit more casual. Either works: masih ingin menukar vs masih mau menukar.

Can I drop the subject Anda altogether?

Yes, if the context is clear (common in speech):

Sudah menukar barang ini, atau masih ingin menukarnya besok? This sounds natural when speaking directly to the customer.