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Questions & Answers about Kau sudah sarapan?
What does kau mean, and how natural is it?
Kau means singular "you." In Indonesia it sounds literary or blunt and is regionally common (e.g., some areas of Sumatra). Many speakers avoid it in everyday talk with strangers or elders.
What’s a safer or more neutral way to say this?
Use kamu for neutral (Kamu sudah sarapan?), Anda for polite/formal (Anda sudah sarapan?), or address with a title (Bapak/Bu sudah sarapan?). You can also just drop the pronoun: Sudah sarapan?
What does sudah do here? Is it "already" or "have"?
Sudah marks completed action, roughly "already" or English present perfect "have." So the sentence asks whether the breakfast action is already done.
How do I say "not yet" in response?
Use belum. For example: Belum or Belum, nanti. Use tidak for general negation, but with actions that might still happen, belum is the natural choice.
Is sarapan a noun or a verb?
Both. Sarapan can mean "breakfast" (noun) and "to have breakfast" (verb). In this sentence it’s verbal: "to have breakfast." A common synonym is makan pagi.
Why is there no "do/did/have" or word order change to make it a question?
Indonesian forms yes–no questions with intonation. You can add apakah for a formal feel (Apakah kamu sudah sarapan?) or attach -kah to emphasize/formalize: Sudahkah kau sarapan?
Is udah okay instead of sudah?
Yes. Udah is the common colloquial form, so Udah sarapan? or Kamu udah sarapan? is very natural in speech. Sudah is the standard form; telah is formal/written.
Can I omit the pronoun?
Yes, and it’s very common: Sudah sarapan? You can also ask Sarapan belum? or Udah sarapan belum? to mean "Have you had breakfast yet?"
What are natural short answers?
Sudah (Yes, already) and Belum (Not yet) are the default. You can add detail: Sudah, tadi jam tujuh or Belum, nanti aja.
Should I say tidak or belum if I haven’t eaten?
Use belum for "not yet": Saya belum sarapan. Tidak sarapan suggests a deliberate refusal or a habit ("I don’t eat breakfast").
Is sarapan pagi okay or redundant?
It’s technically redundant (since sarapan already implies morning) but very common in everyday speech. The simplest, most natural form is just sarapan.
Are there other natural word orders?
Common patterns are Kamu sudah sarapan?, Sudah sarapan?, Udah sarapan belum?, Sarapan belum?. Sudah kau sarapan? sounds literary; avoid Kau sarapan sudah?
How do I pronounce the words?
Kau sounds like "cow." Sudah is "SOO-dah." Sarapan is "sah-RAH-pan" (stress typically on the second-to-last syllable). Vowels are pure; r is tapped/trilled.
How do I ask this politely to an older person or stranger?
Use a title: Bapak/Bu sudah sarapan? You can also keep it impersonal: Sudah sarapan? or use Anda for formal politeness.
Is this the same as the small-talk question "Have you eaten?" in Indonesian?
Related, but broader. Sudah makan? is a common friendly check-in at any time. Sudah sarapan? is specifically about breakfast.