Sign inSign up

Jadwal awal sudah dikirim tadi pagi.

Jadwal awal sudah dikirim tadi pagi.
The initial schedule was sent this morning.
Elon.io is an online learning platform
We have an entire course teaching Indonesian grammar and vocabulary.

Start learning Indonesian now

Questions & Answers about Jadwal awal sudah dikirim tadi pagi.

What does sudah add here? Do we still need it if we already have tadi pagi?
  • sudah marks completion (“already/has”). It emphasizes that the action is done.
  • With tadi pagi (“this morning”), you can omit sudah and it’s still past. Keeping both is very natural and adds assurance.
  • Examples:
    • Jadwal awal sudah dikirim tadi pagi. (assures it’s completed)
    • Jadwal awal dikirim tadi pagi. (simple past statement)
Why is dikirim used? Is this passive?
  • Yes. di-
    • verb makes the regular passive: di
      • kirim → dikirim (“is/was sent”).
  • Indonesian often uses the passive to highlight the thing affected (“the initial schedule”) and to omit the agent if it’s obvious or unimportant.
How do I say who sent it?

Common options:

  • Passive with a pronoun agent (very natural): Jadwal awal sudah saya/kami kirim tadi pagi.
  • Active: Saya/Kami sudah mengirim jadwal awal tadi pagi.
  • Passive with an explicit agent using a noun: Jadwal awal sudah dikirim oleh bagian administrasi.
  • Avoid using oleh with pronouns in everyday speech (e.g., oleh saya)—it sounds stiff.
What’s the difference between dikirim, dikirimkan, and terkirim?
  • dikirim: passive “sent” (focus on the sending event). Very common.
  • dikirimkan: also passive; -kan can emphasize delivery to a recipient or sound a bit more formal. Often interchangeable with dikirim.
  • terkirim: result/state “(already) sent/delivered,” sometimes with an accidental nuance. Good for messages: Pesan sudah terkirim.
  • All can work, but here dikirim is the most neutral.
Can I say Jadwal awal sudah terkirim tadi pagi?
Yes. It’s acceptable and emphasizes the resulting state (that it ended up sent) rather than the sending event. For many contexts, sudah dikirim feels more straightforward.
Where can I put the time phrase tadi pagi?

Flexible placement:

  • End: Jadwal awal sudah dikirim tadi pagi. (most common)
  • Front: Tadi pagi, jadwal awal sudah dikirim.
  • Between subject and predicate is possible but less common: Jadwal awal tadi pagi sudah dikirim.
  • You can also say pagi tadi; it’s fine and near-synonymous with tadi pagi.
Is tadi pagi the same as pagi ini or barusan?
  • tadi pagi: earlier this morning (definitely past).
  • pagi ini: this morning (can be used if it’s still the same morning; not as explicitly “earlier”).
  • barusan: just now/very recently (much more recent than “this morning”).
Why is it jadwal awal, not awal jadwal?
Indonesian adjectives usually follow the noun. awal functions like an adjective here, so it follows: jadwal awal (“initial schedule”). awal jadwal is not idiomatic in this meaning.
Does jadwal awal mean “first schedule”? How is it different from jadwal pertama?
  • jadwal awal: the initial/original/early version of the schedule (often before revisions).
  • jadwal pertama: the first schedule in an ordered list or sequence (e.g., among multiple schedules).
How do I mark “the” (definiteness) in Indonesian?

Context usually covers it. If you need to mark it:

  • Add itu: jadwal awal itu (“that/the initial schedule”).
  • Use -nya: jadwal awalnya (can mean “the initial schedule” in context, or “his/her/their initial schedule” depending on context).
How do I make a question or a negative from this sentence?
  • Yes/no question (informal): Jadwal awal sudah dikirim tadi pagi? or just Sudah dikirim?
  • More formal: Apakah jadwal awal sudah dikirim tadi pagi?
  • Negative (not yet): Jadwal awal belum dikirim.
    • Use belum (not yet) for actions that are expected to happen. Don’t use tidak to negate this verb phrase.
How does formality change the wording?
  • Formal: Jadwal awal telah dikirim tadi pagi.
  • Neutral: Jadwal awal sudah dikirim tadi pagi.
  • Informal: Jadwal awal udah dikirim tadi pagi.
  • Texting abbreviations (informal only): Jadwal awal sdh dikirim tdi pagi.
How do I mention the recipient naturally?

Use ke or kepada:

  • … dikirim ke Anda/ke tim Anda. (very common)
  • … dikirim kepada Bapak/Ibu … (more formal, person-oriented)
  • For “for [someone]” (beneficiary), use untuk: … dikirim untuk Pak Andi.
Is the spacing in dikirim correct? I sometimes see di kirim.
  • As a passive prefix, di- is attached: dikirim (correct).
  • The separate di is only the preposition “in/at/on,” e.g., di rumah. So: dikirim (prefix, attached) vs di rumah (preposition, separate).