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Breakdown of Rencana cadangan disetujui oleh tim.
oleh
by
tim
the team
rencana cadangan
the backup plan
disetujui
to be approved
Questions & Answers about Rencana cadangan disetujui oleh tim.
What grammar structure is this?
It’s a passive sentence using the di- passive: Rencana cadangan disetujui (oleh tim). The focus is on the object (the plan), not on who did the action. In active voice it would be Tim menyetujui rencana cadangan.
How is the passive formed here?
- Root: setuju (to agree).
- Active transitive: menyetujui “to approve (something)” (meN- + setuju + -i).
- Passive: disetujui “to be approved (by)” (di- + setuju + -i). The suffix -i stays in the passive because the active verb takes -i.
Why is it disetujui and not something like disetujukan?
With setuju, the standard transitive pair is menyetujui/disetujui. Forms with -kan (e.g., menyetujukan/disetujukan) are rare or different in nuance and generally not recommended in this meaning. Stick to menyetujui/disetujui for “approve/be approved.”
Can I drop oleh?
Yes. Very commonly, Indonesians omit oleh when the agent is clear or not the focus:
- Rencana cadangan disetujui tim. Using oleh is fine and a bit more formal or explicit: … disetujui oleh tim.
What’s the active equivalent?
Tim menyetujui rencana cadangan.
Active emphasizes the actor (tim). Passive emphasizes the thing affected (rencana cadangan).
How do I show tense or time?
Indonesian has no verb tense marking; use particles/adverbs:
- Completed: sudah/telah — Rencana cadangan sudah/telah disetujui (oleh tim).
- Ongoing: sedang (rare with this verb) — Sedang disetujui (in process).
- Future: akan — … akan disetujui.
- “Just now”: baru (saja) — … baru saja disetujui. A time expression also works: kemarin, tadi, besok, etc.
What exactly does rencana cadangan mean? Any synonyms?
It’s “backup/contingency plan.” Common alternatives:
- rencana alternatif (alternative plan)
- rencana B (Plan B; informal)
- rencana darurat (emergency plan; slightly different nuance)
Why is “team” spelled tim?
Indonesian adapts the English word “team” to tim. It’s lowercase unless part of a proper name (e.g., Tim Nasional). Tim can refer to a singular team as a unit; plurality is from context.
Do I need an article like “the” or “a”?
Indonesian has no articles. To be specific you can add:
- Definite: rencana cadangan itu/tersebut — “that/the backup plan.”
- Indefinite: sebuah rencana cadangan — “a backup plan.”
Base rencana cadangan relies on context for definiteness.
Is the pronunciation of disetujui tricky?
Say it roughly “dee-suh-TOO-joo-ee.” Notes:
- di = “dee”
- se often a schwa “suh”
- tu = “too”
- j = English “j” in “jam”
- Final ui is two vowels: “oo-ee.”
Is there an informal way to say this?
Yes, in casual speech you may hear:
- Rencana cadangan disetujuin (sama) tim.
Notes: disetujuin is colloquial for disetujui; sama often replaces oleh in speech. Use the standard form in writing or formal contexts.
What’s the difference between setuju, menyetujui, and disetujui (and related nouns)?
- setuju = “to agree” (intransitive): Kami setuju.
- menyetujui = “to approve (something)” (transitive): Tim menyetujui rencana itu.
- disetujui = “to be approved”: Rencana itu disetujui tim.
- persetujuan/penyetujuan = “approval/consent” (nouns), with persetujuan more common in official use.
Can I use the “short passive” with a pronoun agent?
Yes, very natural:
- Rencana cadangan kami setujui. (= We approved the backup plan.)
Here the verb is the bare base (setujui), no di-, and the agent is a pronoun (saya/kami/kita/kau/kamu/dia/mereka).
With a full noun like tim, this pattern appears in headlines: Rencana itu tim setujui, but it’s less common in everyday speech.
Where should I put words like sudah or telah?
Place them before the verb phrase:
- Rencana cadangan sudah/telah disetujui (oleh tim). You can also front time adverbs: Kemarin, rencana cadangan disetujui tim.
Do I ever write di setujui with a space?
No. Here di- is a prefix, so it attaches: disetujui.
Use a space only when di is a preposition meaning “at/in/on,” e.g., di rumah.
Can I specify whose team it is?
Yes:
- … oleh tim kami/kita/anda/mereka.
- … oleh timnya (that person’s/their team, or “the team” in a definite sense).
- For extra clarity: … oleh tim proyek itu, … oleh tim pemasaran, etc.
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