Learn Hardcore Indonesian: Saya sarapan roti panggang dengan keju.

Both are possible, but here it functions as a verb meaning “to have breakfast.” As a noun it means “breakfast.” Indonesian often turns nouns into verbs without extra marking, and this is very common with sarapan.

Can I say “Saya makan sarapan”?

That sounds redundant/unnatural. Say either:

Saya sarapan. (I had breakfast.)
Saya makan pagi. (Literally “I eat morning,” i.e., I have breakfast.)

How do I show past or future time? Indonesian doesn’t mark tense, right?

Correct—no tense on the verb. Use time words:

Past: Tadi pagi saya sarapan roti panggang dengan keju. (This morning I had…)
Recent past/already: Saya sudah sarapan.
Future: Nanti/ besok saya sarapan… or Saya akan sarapan…

What’s the difference between “roti panggang” and “roti bakar”?

Both are understood as “toast.” Nuances:

roti panggang = neutral “toasted bread.”
roti bakar = often a menu item (grilled/toasted bread, sometimes thicker, with fillings/spreads). In everyday speech many people still use it for regular toast.

Can I replace “dengan” with something more casual?

Yes:

Neutral: dengan (with) → roti panggang dengan keju
Casual/“using”: pakai → roti panggang pakai keju
Very colloquial: sama → roti panggang sama keju All are natural in the right register.

Can I say “roti panggang keju” instead of “roti panggang dengan keju”?

Yes. Roti panggang keju works like a compound noun (“cheese toast”). Using dengan explicitly means “with.” Both are fine; menus often use the compound form.

Is “dengan” ever used to mean “and”? Should I use “dan” instead?

Use dan for “and.” In your sentence dengan means “with.” Example:

roti panggang dengan keju dan kopi = toast with cheese and coffee.

How do I say “a slice/two slices of toast (with cheese)”?

Use classifiers for slices/pieces:

1 slice: selembar/seiris roti panggang (dengan keju)
2 slices: dua lembar/dua iris roti panggang (dengan keju) You can also say sepotong (a piece), but for bread slices lembar/iris is common.

How do I make “the toast” definite, like “the toast we talked about”?

Indonesian has no articles. Use:

Demonstrative: roti panggang itu (that/the toast)
Enclitic -nya (contextual “the”): roti panggangnya
Examples:
Saya sarapan roti panggang itu dengan keju.
Roti panggangnya enak.

Can I drop the subject “saya”?

Yes, if context already makes the subject clear:
Sarapan roti panggang dengan keju.
This sounds like a diary note or a short reply to a question.

What’s the difference between “saya,” “aku,” and “gue”?

saya: polite/neutral, safe with strangers and formal contexts.
aku: informal/intimate, friends/family, casual writing.
gue (Jakarta slang; also spelled gua): very casual/regional.
E.g., Aku sarapan… or Gue sarapan… depending on the setting.

How do I say “I already had breakfast” vs. “I haven’t had breakfast yet”?

Already: Saya sudah sarapan.
Not yet: Saya belum sarapan.
“Belum” implies you might still do it; “tidak” is a flat negation (see next).

How do I say “I didn’t have breakfast (today)”?

Neutral past-negative: Saya tidak sarapan (hari ini).
If you mean “not yet (but might later)”: Saya belum sarapan.

How is “panggang” pronounced? And “dengan,” “keju”?

panggang: two hard g’s; think “pang-gang” with “ng” as in “singer.”
dengan: the first “e” is a schwa, like “de-ngan.”
keju: “j” like English “j” (kè-joo).

Is “bersarapan” correct?

It exists and is formal/literary. In modern everyday Indonesian, sarapan (without ber-) is far more common: Saya sarapan roti panggang…

How do I say this as a habit, like “I usually have toast with cheese for breakfast”?

Saya biasa sarapan roti panggang dengan keju.
Saya biasanya sarapan roti panggang dengan keju.
Setiap hari saya sarapan roti panggang dengan keju.

In the original, does “dengan keju” attach to the toast or the whole sentence?

Default reading is that dengan keju modifies roti panggang (“toast with cheese”). If you meant two separate items, say: Saya sarapan keju dan roti panggang.

What if I want to talk about making the toast (toasting bread) rather than eating breakfast?

Use the verb memanggang (to roast/bake/toast):

Saya memanggang roti (dengan keju di atasnya). = I toast bread (with cheese on top).
This focuses on the cooking action, not the act of having breakfast.