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Bacalah peta dengan teliti sebelum memasuki taman nasional.

Bacalah peta dengan teliti sebelum memasuki taman nasional.
Read the map carefully before entering the national park.
FromLesson 10inHardcore Indonesian
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Breakdown of Bacalah peta dengan teliti sebelum memasuki taman nasional.

dengan
with
membaca
to read
sebelum
before
peta
the map
taman nasional
the national park
teliti
careful
memasuki
to enter

Questions & Answers about Bacalah peta dengan teliti sebelum memasuki taman nasional.

What is the function of -lah in bacalah?
The -lah suffix is an enclitic particle that adds emphasis or a polite nuance to a command. Attaching -lah to the base verb baca (“read”) gives bacalah, which can be thought of as “please read” or “do read” with a stronger, more courteous tone.
What part of speech is teliti, and why is it preceded by dengan?
teliti is an adjective meaning “careful” or “thorough.” To use an adjective as an adverb (to modify a verb) in Indonesian, you pair it with dengan (“with”). Therefore, dengan teliti literally means “with carefulness,” functioning as “carefully.”
Why does the sentence use memasuki instead of masuk?

The root verb masuk is intransitive (“to enter”). When you want to specify what you’re entering, Indonesian offers two main options:

  • memasuki
    • noun: a single transitive verb meaning “enter into something.”
  • masuk ke
    • noun: “enter into something.”
      Here, memasuki taman nasional is a concise way to say “enter the national park.”
What role does sebelum play in this sentence?
sebelum is a subordinating conjunction meaning “before.” It introduces the time clause sebelum memasuki taman nasional (“before entering the national park”), indicating that you should read the map carefully prior to entry.
Can I switch the order of dengan teliti and peta, as in Bacalah dengan teliti peta?

Both orders are grammatically understandable, but the most natural word order is: Verb + Object + Adverbial → Bacalah peta dengan teliti.
Placing dengan teliti before peta is less common and can shift emphasis onto the manner (“carefully”), rather than on the map itself.

Can the clause sebelum memasuki taman nasional be moved to the front of the sentence? If so, how?

Yes. You can front a subordinate time clause in Indonesian. The sentence becomes: Sebelum memasuki taman nasional, bacalah peta dengan teliti.
A comma is often added after the fronted clause, although Indonesian punctuation around subordinating clauses is more flexible than in English.

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