Tantangan muncul pada pelajaran baru.

Challenges appear in the new lesson.

Breakdown of Tantangan muncul pada pelajaran baru.

• baru: new
• pelajaran: the lesson
• tantangan: the challenge
• muncul: to appear
• pada: in

Questions & Answers about Tantangan muncul pada pelajaran baru.

Why doesn’t tantangan have an -s to show it’s plural?

Indonesian nouns aren’t marked for number with -s. You rely on context or add words like beberapa (several) or banyak (many) to signal plurality. If you really want to emphasize “multiple challenges,” you can use reduplication: tantangan-tantangan.

Why is baru placed after pelajaran? Wouldn’t baru pelajaran work?

In Indonesian, adjectives follow the noun they describe. So pelajaran baru literally means “lesson new.” Saying baru pelajaran sounds unnatural and would confuse listeners.

What part of speech is muncul, and why isn’t it memuncul or munculkan here?

Muncul is a base (root) verb meaning “to appear” or “to emerge.” It doesn’t take the me- prefix because it’s already an intransitive verb.

• memunculkan would be the transitive form “to cause something to appear.”
• Here, we simply state that the challenge appears, so muncul is correct.

What does pada mean in pada pelajaran baru? Can I replace it with di or dalam?

Pada functions like “in” or “at” in this context, marking when/where something happens in a somewhat formal or abstract sense.

• Di pelajaran baru is more colloquial and also acceptable.
• Dalam pelajaran baru emphasizes “inside the content of the new lesson.”
  Each choice shifts the nuance slightly but all are grammatically valid.

There are no “the” or “a” in Tantangan muncul pada pelajaran baru. How do we know if it’s “the challenge” or “a challenge”?

Indonesian doesn’t use articles. Definiteness is inferred from context. If you’ve been talking about one specific challenge, your listener understands it as “the challenge.” If not, it’s naturally interpreted as “a challenge.”

In schools we often hear mata pelajaran for “subjects.” Why is it just pelajaran baru here?

Mata pelajaran refers to an entire school subject (math, history, etc.). Pelajaran by itself usually means a specific lesson or topic within a subject. So pelajaran baru points to “the new lesson” rather than “the new subject.”

Can I reorder the sentence as Pada pelajaran baru tantangan muncul?

Yes, you can place the adverbial phrase first for emphasis or style, especially in written or formal Indonesian. However, the neutral, most common order is Subject–Verb–Adverbial:
Tantangan muncul pada pelajaran baru.