Piringan hitam itu berdebu.

Yes. Piringan hitam is a common Indonesian term for a vinyl record / phonograph record.

Literally:

• piringan = a disc, plate, or round flat object
• hitam = black

So the literal sense is black disc, which makes sense because traditional records are usually black.

In Indonesian, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the noun.

So:

• piringan hitam itu = that record / the record

This is normal Indonesian word order:

• buku itu = that book
• rumah itu = that house

For English speakers, this often feels reversed, but in Indonesian it is standard.

It can feel like either one in English, depending on context.

• itu literally means that
• but in many sentences it also works like the, marking something as specific and already identifiable

So piringan hitam itu could be understood as:

• that record
• or the record

The best English translation depends on the situation.

There isn’t one, and that is completely normal in Indonesian.

Indonesian often does not use a verb like is/am/are when linking a subject to an adjective or noun.

So:

• Piringan hitam itu berdebu. literally looks like:
• That record dusty.

But natural English becomes:

• That record is dusty.
• The record is dusty.

This is one of the most important differences from English sentence structure.

Berdebu means dusty or covered with dust.

It comes from:

• debu = dust
• ber- = a prefix that often means having, wearing, containing, or being characterized by

So berdebu is basically having dust on it or dust-covered.

Similar patterns:

• berkumis = mustached, having a mustache
• berdarah = bleeding, bloody
• berbulu = furry, hairy, feathered

Because debu is a noun meaning dust, while berdebu is an adjective/state meaning dusty.

Compare:

• debu = dust
• berdebu = dusty

So:

• Piringan hitam itu debu would sound wrong if you mean The record is dusty, because it would suggest The record is dust, not The record has dust on it.

In many beginner explanations, it is easiest to think of berdebu here as an adjective-like predicate meaning dusty.

More broadly, Indonesian word classes are often more flexible than in English. A form like berdebu can behave predicatively without needing a separate to be verb.

So in this sentence, the most useful understanding is:

• berdebu = dusty

By itself, Indonesian does not clearly mark singular vs. plural the way English does.

So piringan hitam itu could theoretically depend on context, but in most ordinary readings it will be understood as singular: that record / the record.

If you clearly wanted plural, Indonesian might use:

• repetition: piringan-piringan hitam itu
• or context words like semua = all

For example:

• Piringan-piringan hitam itu berdebu. = Those records are dusty.
• Piringan hitam itu semua berdebu. = Those records are all dusty.

Because in Piringan hitam itu berdebu, berdebu is the main predicate of the sentence: it tells you something about the record.

Structure:

• piringan hitam itu = the subject
• berdebu = the predicate

If you say piringan hitam yang berdebu itu, then yang berdebu becomes part of the noun phrase:

• the dusty record
• or more literally, the record that is dusty

So the difference is:

• Piringan hitam itu berdebu.
  = The record is dusty.

• piringan hitam yang berdebu itu
  = that dusty record / the dusty record

Yes. That would mean The record is very dusty.

Some common intensifiers:

• sekali = very
• sangat = very
• cukup = quite, fairly

Examples:

• Piringan hitam itu sangat berdebu. = The record is very dusty.
• Piringan hitam itu cukup berdebu. = The record is fairly dusty.

A simple approximation is:

pee-REE-ngan HEE-tam EE-too ber-DEH-boo

A few notes:

• ng in piringan is like the ng in sing
• r is usually tapped or lightly rolled
• e in berdebu is often a schwa-like sound, similar to the a in about

A rough syllable breakdown:

• pi-ri-ngan
• hi-tam
• i-tu
• ber-de-bu

Yes, it is natural and grammatical.

It has a very normal Indonesian pattern:

• noun phrase + predicate adjective/state

So it sounds like a plain everyday statement, similar to:

• Meja itu kotor. = The table is dirty.
• Buku itu mahal. = The book is expensive.
• Kamar itu berantakan. = The room is messy.

Piringan hitam itu berdebu fits this pattern perfectly.