Kerusakan hendaknya tidak diperbaiki sebelum pemeriksaan.

Hendaknya means something like should, ought to, or it is advisable that. It gives a recommendation or instruction in a fairly formal, careful tone.

So in this sentence, hendaknya tidak diperbaiki means should not be repaired.

Compared with other options:

• sebaiknya = should / it would be better to
• jangan = don’t / must not
• hendaknya = should / ought to, often more formal or official-sounding

This makes the sentence sound like a rule, guideline, or procedural instruction.

Because diperbaiki is the passive form.

• memperbaiki = to repair, to fix
• diperbaiki = to be repaired / repaired by someone

In Kerusakan hendaknya tidak diperbaiki sebelum pemeriksaan, the focus is on the damage and what should happen to it, not on who does the repairing.

That is very common in Indonesian, especially in formal instructions and notices.

Compare:

• Teknisi memperbaiki kerusakan. = The technician repairs the damage.
• Kerusakan diperbaiki oleh teknisi. = The damage is repaired by the technician.

In your sentence, the agent is not mentioned because it is not important.

Kerusakan is a noun meaning damage, damage condition, breakdown, or fault, depending on context.

It comes from the root rusak:

• rusak = damaged, broken
• kerusakan = damage, the state or result of being damaged

So:

• Barang itu rusak. = That item is broken.
• Kerusakan pada barang itu parah. = The damage to that item is severe.

In your sentence, kerusakan is the thing being discussed: the damage or the faulty part/problem should not be repaired before inspection.

Indonesian often leaves out the doer when it is obvious, unknown, or unimportant.

In English, we might say:

• The damage should not be repaired before inspection.

That is also passive, and it also does not say who the repairer is.

Indonesian works the same way here. The sentence is about procedure, not about a specific person. It could apply to a mechanic, technician, employee, or anyone responsible.

Indonesian does not have articles like the or a/an.

So pemeriksaan can mean:

• inspection
• an inspection
• the inspection

The exact meaning depends on context.

So sebelum pemeriksaan literally means before inspection, but in natural English we usually translate it as before the inspection or before inspection, depending on the situation.

Pemeriksaan means inspection, examination, or checking.

It comes from the root periksa:

• periksa = to check, examine
• memeriksa = to examine, inspect
• pemeriksaan = examination, inspection

This pe-...-an pattern often creates a noun for the process or result of an action.

Examples:

• Dokter memeriksa pasien. = The doctor examines the patient.
• Pemeriksaan berlangsung lama. = The inspection/examination lasted a long time.

In your sentence, pemeriksaan most likely means an official or technical inspection.

Yes, the word order is normal.

Kerusakan hendaknya tidak diperbaiki sebelum pemeriksaan is a formal and natural structure.

You can think of it like this:

• Kerusakan = topic/subject
• hendaknya = should
• tidak diperbaiki = not be repaired
• sebelum pemeriksaan = before inspection

You may also see hendaknya in slightly different positions, such as:

• Kerusakan tidak hendaknya diperbaiki sebelum pemeriksaan
  This is less natural.
• Hendaknya kerusakan tidak diperbaiki sebelum pemeriksaan
  Possible, and a bit more like It is recommended that...

The original sentence is clear and idiomatic in formal Indonesian.

Not exactly.

• hendaknya tidak = should not / ought not to
• jangan = do not / don’t / must not

So hendaknya tidak is usually a bit softer or more formal. It sounds like a recommendation, policy, or instruction rather than a direct command.

Compare:

• Kerusakan hendaknya tidak diperbaiki sebelum pemeriksaan.
  = The damage should not be repaired before inspection.
  Formal, procedural.

• Jangan memperbaiki kerusakan sebelum pemeriksaan.
  = Don’t repair the damage before inspection.
  Direct command.

Both can be correct, but they give different tones.

Both are possible depending on context.

Because Indonesian has no article system, kerusakan can be understood as:

• damage
• the damage
• any damage
• damaged parts / faults

So possible translations include:

• The damage should not be repaired before inspection.
• Damage should not be repaired before inspection.
• Any damage should not be repaired before inspection.
  This one is possible but sounds less natural in English unless the context is very general.

In most practical contexts, The damage should not be repaired before inspection is the most natural translation.

Yes. This sentence is quite formal. More everyday alternatives include:

• Kerusakan sebaiknya tidak diperbaiki sebelum pemeriksaan.
  = The damage should preferably not be repaired before inspection.

• Jangan memperbaiki kerusakan sebelum pemeriksaan.
  = Don’t repair the damage before inspection.

• Kerusakan jangan diperbaiki sebelum diperiksa.
  = The damage should not be repaired before it is inspected.

The original sentence sounds suitable for written instructions, manuals, technical procedures, or official notices.

Indonesian usually does not mark tense the way English does.

So diperbaiki by itself does not mean specifically:

• is repaired
• was repaired
• will be repaired

The time is understood from context.

In this sentence, because of hendaknya and sebelum pemeriksaan, the meaning is clearly about a rule or future action:

• should not be repaired before inspection

So the sentence is not really about past time. It is a guideline about what is supposed to happen.