Endurnýjunin framlengir útlánið og lánstímann.

In Icelandic, the definite article is usually added as a suffix to the noun.

So in this sentence:

• endurnýjun = renewal → endurnýjunin = the renewal
• útlán = loan / lending → útlánið = the loan
• lánstími = loan period → lánstímann = the loan period

This is one of the first big differences from English. Icelandic can use a separate article in some situations, but the normal everyday pattern is the suffixed article you see here.

The dictionary forms are:

• endurnýjunin → endurnýjun
• framlengir → að framlengja
• útlánið → útlán
• lánstímann → lánstími

So if you were looking these up, you would search for those base forms.

Framlengir is the present tense, 3rd person singular form of að framlengja.

So it means extends.

Why singular? Because the subject is endurnýjunin (the renewal), which is singular.

A quick comparison:

• ég framlengi = I extend
• þú framlengir = you extend
• hann/hún/það framlengir = he/she/it extends

In this sentence, endurnýjunin is treated like it, so framlengir is the right form.

Because they are the direct objects of the verb framlengir.

The sentence structure is:

• Endurnýjunin = subject
• framlengir = verb
• útlánið og lánstímann = direct objects

In other words, these are the things being extended.

A useful thing to notice:

• útlánið is neuter singular definite, and for many neuter nouns the nominative and accusative look the same.
• lánstímann clearly shows the accusative singular definite ending for a masculine noun.

So even though the two objects have different endings, they are both functioning as direct objects here.

Because the nouns have different genders, and Icelandic noun endings change according to gender + case + definiteness.

Here:

• útlán is neuter → definite singular nominative/accusative: útlánið
• lánstími is masculine → definite singular accusative: lánstímann

So the different endings are completely normal.

A simple breakdown:

• -ið often appears with neuter singular definite
• -ann often appears with masculine singular accusative definite

This is why English speakers often have to learn Icelandic nouns together with their gender.

The nouns are:

• endurnýjun — feminine
• útlán — neuter
• lánstími — masculine

That is why the definite forms look different:

• endurnýjunin
• útlánið
• lánstímann

Gender is very important in Icelandic because it affects articles, adjective endings, and sometimes case forms.

Yes. Lánstímann comes from the compound noun lánstími:

• lán = loan
• tími = time / period

So lánstími literally means loan-time, i.e. loan period.

Then the accusative singular definite form is lánstímann.

Compound nouns are extremely common in Icelandic, so it is very useful to learn to split them up like this.

Yes. Endurnýjun is the noun renewal, and it is related to the verb að endurnýja = to renew.

You can also see the prefix endur-, which often has the sense of again or re-.

So:

• að endurnýja = to renew
• endurnýjun = renewal

This kind of noun-verb relationship is very common and useful for building vocabulary.

Because útlánið and lánstímann are joined by og (and) and share the same verb.

So the structure is:

• framlengir útlánið og lánstímann

That means:

• extends the loan
• and extends the loan period

Icelandic, like English, does not need to repeat the verb here unless you want special emphasis.

No. Og just means and. It connects words or phrases, but it does not assign case by itself.

Both útlánið and lánstímann are in the accusative because they are both objects of framlengir, not because of og.

So the logic is:

• verb framlengir takes direct objects
• both nouns are direct objects
• therefore both are in the accusative

Yes. This is a very normal, straightforward sentence:

• Endurnýjunin = subject
• framlengir = verb
• útlánið og lánstímann = object(s)

So it follows a basic subject–verb–object pattern.

That said, Icelandic is more flexible than English, and different word orders are possible in other contexts. But this sentence is the most neutral and easiest kind of order for a learner to recognize.