Ég drekk bara hreint vatn.

A quick breakdown:

• Ég = I
• drekk = drink / am drinking
• bara = only, just, or simply, depending on context
• hreint = clean, pure, or plain
• vatn = water

So grammatically, it is:

• Ég — subject
• drekk — finite verb
• bara hreint vatn — the object phrase, with bara modifying what follows

Because drekk is the conjugated verb form, while drekka is the infinitive.

Compare:

• að drekka = to drink
• ég drekk = I drink

So Icelandic, like English, changes the verb depending on the subject and tense. You would not say I to drink water in English, and likewise you do not say Ég drekka vatn in Icelandic.

Yes, it is at least somewhat irregular, and learners often notice the vowel change.

Present tense:

• ég drekk = I drink
• þú drekkur = you drink
• hann/hún/það drekkur = he/she/it drinks
• við drekkum = we drink
• þið drekkið = you (plural) drink
• þeir/þær/þau drekka = they drink

The infinitive is drekka, but the singular present forms use drekk-. That kind of vowel/consonant change is common enough in Icelandic verbs that it is worth getting used to early.

Here bara most naturally means only or just.

So the sentence can mean something like:

• I only drink pure water
• I just drink plain water

The exact English wording depends on context, but the main idea is restriction: the speaker is limiting what they drink.

In other contexts, bara can also mean things like:

• just
• simply
• merely

So it is a very common and flexible word.

That is a very natural Icelandic word order.

In a simple main clause, Icelandic often has:

• subject + finite verb + adverb + object

So:

• Ég
  • drekk
    • bara
      • hreint vatn

That is a normal, neutral way to say it.

If you move bara, the emphasis can change. For example, some alternative orders may sound more marked, more conversational, or less neutral. For a learner, Ég drekk bara hreint vatn is a very good standard pattern to remember.

Because the adjective has to agree with vatn.

The dictionary form is:

• hreinn = clean, pure

But in the sentence it describes vatn, and vatn is:

• neuter
• singular
• accusative as the direct object

So the adjective also has to be neuter singular accusative:

• hreint vatn

This kind of adjective agreement is a major feature of Icelandic grammar.

It is the direct object of drekk, so it is in the accusative case.

So in grammatical terms:

• Ég = nominative subject
• vatn = accusative object

A useful detail: with many neuter nouns, the nominative and accusative singular look the same. So vatn does not visibly change here, even though it is accusative.

The adjective still helps show the grammar, because hreint is the correct agreeing form for neuter singular accusative.

You mostly learn noun gender as part of the word itself.

In Icelandic, every noun has grammatical gender:

• masculine
• feminine
• neuter

Vatn is a neuter noun. That is why its adjective is neuter too:

• hreint vatn

There is not always a reliable way to guess gender from meaning alone, so it is best to learn nouns together with useful grammar information, such as:

• the article form
• an adjective with the noun
• or the gender label in a dictionary

Icelandic often leaves a noun indefinite when speaking generally, especially with mass nouns like water.

So:

• hreint vatn = clean/pure water

That works naturally without any article.

Also, Icelandic usually expresses the with a suffix attached to the noun rather than as a separate word. For example, the water would typically be something like vatnið.

Here, though, the sentence is talking about water in a general sense, so no definite article is needed.

Potentially all of those, depending on context.

The adjective hreinn / hreint has a range that includes:

• clean
• pure
• clear
• plain

In this sentence, hreint vatn often feels like pure water or plain water in English. If the context is about hygiene, it could lean more toward clean water.

So the exact best translation depends on what contrast is intended.

Yes, but the result may sound different in emphasis or style.

The neutral version is:

• Ég drekk bara hreint vatn.

Because Icelandic is a verb-second language in main clauses, if another element comes first, the finite verb normally still stays in second position. For example, a fronted adverbial can cause the subject to move after the verb.

For a beginner, though, the safest thing is to keep the standard order you see here unless you have a reason to emphasize something.

In normal reading, bara applies to the whole object phrase:

• bara hreint vatn = only pure/plain water

So the meaning is not usually:

• I drink water that is only pure

Instead, it is:

• The only thing I drink is pure/plain water, or
• I drink only pure/plain water

That is the most natural interpretation.

The spelling hr is a real Icelandic feature. It is not silent.

In modern Icelandic, hr is pronounced as a kind of voiceless r. For an English speaker, a rough approximation is to start with a light h-like breath before the r.

So hreint is not pronounced like English raint or hr- with a strong separate h sound. It is a special Icelandic cluster.

This is one of several Icelandic combinations like:

• hr
• hl
• hn

They often surprise English speakers because English does not use them this way.

Yes. Ég drekk is present tense.

Like the English present, it can describe:

• a general habit: I drink only pure water
• a usual preference: I only drink plain water
• sometimes even what is happening now, depending on context

So the Icelandic present tense here is very natural for a general statement about what the speaker drinks.