Hún er róleg í dag.

to be

Breakdown of Hún er róleg í dag.

• hún: she
• í dag: today
• róleg: calm

Questions & Answers about Hún er róleg í dag.

What does each word in Hún er róleg í dag mean literally?

Word by word:

• Hún = she
• er = is (3rd person singular of vera = to be)
• róleg = calm, quiet, relaxed (feminine form of the adjective rólegur)
• í = in (here used in a time expression)
• dag = day (the word dagur “day” in the accusative singular, without an article)

So literally: “She is calm in day”, but idiomatically: “She is calm today.”

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Why is it róleg and not rólegur?

Icelandic adjectives agree with the noun (or pronoun) they describe in:

• Gender (masculine / feminine / neuter)
• Number (singular / plural)
• Case (nominative / accusative / dative / genitive)

Here, the adjective róleg- is describing hún (she), which is:

• Feminine
• Singular
• Nominative (subject of the sentence)

The weak nominative singular forms of rólegur are:

• Masculine: rólegi
• Feminine: rólega

But in a predicative position after (), Icelandic normally uses the adjective endings: