Ég nota frítímann til að læra íslensku.

I use my free time to learn Icelandic.

Breakdown of Ég nota frítímann til að læra íslensku.

• ég: I
• nota: to use
• læra: to learn
• til að: to
• íslenska: the Icelandic
• frítíminn: the free time

Questions & Answers about Ég nota frítímann til að læra íslensku.

Why is it frítímann and not just frítími?

Because frítími is the subject (nominative) form, but here it’s a direct object, so it has to be in the accusative case.

• frítími = nominative singular (subject form): “(the) free time”
• frítímann = accusative singular definite: “the free time”

In the sentence:

• Ég (I) – subject, nominative
• nota (use) – verb
• frítímann (the free time) – direct object, accusative

So nota “uses” something, and that “something” (the free time) must be in the accusative case, hence frítímann.

What does the -ann ending in frítímann mean?

The -ann ending marks two things:

1. Accusative case (direct object)
2. Definiteness (the)

The base word is frítími (free time). When you make it definite and put it in the accusative, you get:

• Nominative definite: frítíminn – “the free time” (as subject)
• Accusative definite: frítímann – “the free time” (as object)

Even though English says “my free time”, Icelandic often uses a definite form instead of a possessive pronoun when the owner is obvious from context, so frítímann naturally covers “my free time” here.

Why is there no word for “my” (like minn) in “Ég nota frítímann”?

In Icelandic, possessive pronouns (minn, þinn, etc.) are not used as often as in English when the possessor is clear from context.

Since the subject is Ég (“I”), it’s obvious whose free time is being used, so Icelandic simply says:

• Ég nota frítímann – literally “I use the free time”, but understood as “I use my free time”.

You can say:

• Ég nota frítímann minn til að læra íslensku.

This is correct, but a bit heavier and often unnecessary unless you want to emphasize that it’s your free time (e.g., in contrast with someone else’s).

What is the function of til að in this sentence?

til að introduces a purpose clause and is usually translated as “in order to” or simply “to” (when it means “for the purpose of doing X”).

In Ég nota frítímann til að læra íslensku:

• til by itself often means “to, towards, for” and normally takes the genitive case.
• að introduces an infinitive verb.

The fixed expression til að + infinitive is used for “in order to do something”:

• Ég borða til að lifa. – I eat (in order) to live.
• Hann sparar peninga til að ferðast. – He saves money (in order) to travel.

So here: til að læra íslensku = “(in order) to learn Icelandic”.

Could the sentence be said with just að, without til? For example: Ég nota frítímann að læra íslensku?

No, Ég nota frítímann að læra íslensku is not correct.

For expressing purpose after a main verb like nota, Icelandic wants the full construction:

• til að + infinitive

So you say:

• ✅ Ég nota frítímann til að læra íslensku.
• ❌ Ég nota frítímann að læra íslensku.

However, að by itself does appear after other verbs (without til) in different patterns, for example:

• Ég reyni að læra íslensku. – I try to learn Icelandic.
• Ég gleymi að hringja. – I forget to call.

So: purpose after a noun/verb like “use” → til að, but many verb + að + infinitive combinations exist independently.

Why is it læra íslensku and not læra íslenska?

The verb læra (“to learn”) takes its direct object in the accusative case.

The noun íslenska (Icelandic as a language) is a feminine weak noun:

• Nominative: íslenska
• Accusative: íslensku
• Dative: íslensku
• Genitive: íslensku

So after læra, which requires the accusative, you must use:

• læra íslensku (accusative), not læra íslenska (nominative).

That’s why the form changes to íslensku in the sentence.

Is íslenska here an adjective (like “Icelandic”) or a noun?

In this sentence, íslenska / íslensku is a noun, meaning “Icelandic (the Icelandic language)”.

• As a noun:
  
  • Ég læri íslensku. – I am learning Icelandic.
• As an adjective, it would modify a noun:
  
  • íslenskt tungumál – Icelandic language
  • íslenskur matur – Icelandic food

So in til að læra íslensku, you are learning the language, not just something that is “Icelandic” in general.

Can the word order be changed, for example: Ég nota til að læra íslensku frítímann?

In normal, neutral speech, that word order would sound odd. The natural order is:

• Ég nota frítímann til að læra íslensku.

Basic pattern:

1. Subject: Ég
2. Verb: nota
3. Object: frítímann
4. Purpose phrase: til að læra íslensku

You can move things around for emphasis or in special contexts, but for a learner, you should stick to this SVO + purpose structure. Putting til að læra íslensku between nota and frítímann is not normal.

Why is the verb nota used here, and not another verb like nýta?

Both nota and nýta can be translated as “to use”, but there is a nuance:

• nota – the most common, neutral “use”; very similar to English “use”:

  • Ég nota tölvuna. – I use the computer.
  • Ég nota frítímann til að læra íslensku.

• nýta (often nýta sér) – “to make use of”, “to utilize”, often with a sense of making good or efficient use of something:

  • Ég reyni að nýta frítímann vel. – I try to make good use of my free time.

In your sentence, nota is perfectly normal and idiomatic, and it’s the safer default verb for “use” for a learner.

How is Ég nota frítímann til að læra íslensku pronounced, especially ég and til að?

Approximate pronunciation (in a simplified way for English speakers):

• Ég – usually like “yeh” or “ye-gh” (with a soft voiced sound at the end, a bit like a soft g).
• nota – “NOH-ta” (stress on the first syllable).
• frítímann – “FREE-tee-mann”, again stress on the first syllable, final -nn clearly pronounced.
• til að – often pronounced together as “tila” in normal speech; the ð is very weak or disappears.
• læra – roughly “LIE-ra” (like “lie-rah”).
• íslensku – “EES-len-sku”, with sk pronounced like English “sk” (not “sh”).

So a rough full line: “Yeh NOH-ta FREE-tee-mann TIL-a LIE-ra EES-len-sku.” (with main stress always on the first syllable of each word).