Learn Hardcore Icelandic: Við notum glósubók í kennslustofunni.

Yes. Icelandic doesn’t have a separate continuous/progressive form. Við notum glósubók can mean either habitual “we use a notebook” or ongoing “we are using a notebook,” depending on context.

What case is glósubók in, and why?

Accusative singular. Glósubók is the direct object of the transitive verb nota, and direct objects typically take the accusative. For this noun, nominative and accusative singular look the same: glósubók.

Why is there no word for “a” before glósubók?

Icelandic has no separate indefinite article. A bare noun often corresponds to English “a/an.” If you want “the notebook,” you attach a definite ending: glósubókina (accusative definite singular).

How would I say “We use the notebook in the classroom” vs. “We use notebooks in the classroom”?

The notebook (definite, singular): Við notum glósubókina í kennslustofunni.
Notebooks (plural, indefinite): Við notum glósubækur í kennslustofunni.
Generic “notebooks” can also be expressed with singular indefinite: Við notum glósubók í kennslustofunni.

What’s the plural of glósubók?

Glósubækur (irregular plural because bók → bækur). Example: Ég á margar glósubækur.

Why is it í kennslustofunni and not í kennslustofuna?

The preposition í takes:

Dative for location (in/at a place): í kennslustofunni = in the classroom.
Accusative for motion into: í kennslustofuna = into the classroom.

Your sentence describes location, so dative is used.

What does the ending -unni in kennslustofunni indicate?

It’s the dative definite singular ending for a feminine noun like kennslustofa (classroom).

Indefinite: kennslustofa (nom), kennslustofu (dat)
Definite: kennslustofan (nom), kennslustofunni (dat) Icelandic marks definiteness with a suffix on the noun.

Could I say í skólastofunni instead of í kennslustofunni?

Yes. Skólastofa and kennslustofa both mean “classroom.” Skólastofa literally “school-room,” kennslustofa “teaching-room.” Both are common.

Is the word order fixed? Can I move the place phrase?

Main clauses are verb-second (V2). Your sentence is S–V–O–(PP): Við notum glósubók í kennslustofunni. You can front the place phrase for emphasis; the verb must still be second:

Í kennslustofunni notum við glósubók.

How is við here different from the preposition við?

They’re homographs:

við (pronoun) = we.
við (preposition) ≈ by/with/against, e.g., Hann stendur við vegginn (He stands by the wall). In your sentence, við is clearly the pronoun (subject).

How would I negate the sentence?

Place ekki after the finite verb:

Við notum ekki glósubók í kennslustofunni.

How do I make a yes–no question?

Put the verb first (V2 still applies):

Notum við glósubók í kennslustofunni?

How do I say it in the past tense?

Use the past tense of nota:

Við notuðum glósubók í kennslustofunni.

What does glósubók literally mean?

A compound: glósu- + bók = “book of notes.”

glósa = a note (also a verb “to take notes”)
The linking -u- is the genitive singular of glósa (glósu) used in many compounds. So glósubók literally “notes-book.”

Any pronunciation tips for tricky letters?

Við: ð is the voiced “th” (as in “this”).
í: long “ee.”
ó: long, close “o” (somewhere between English “go” and “awe,” but tenser).
Consonant clusters like in kennslustofunni are fully pronounced; double nn is long.

What case would glósubók take after other common prepositions?

Depends on the preposition:

With með (with): dative — með glósubók.
With frá (from): dative — frá glósubók (rare context, more natural with plural or definite).
With motion preps like í (into): accusative — í glósubókina (into the notebook), though semantically odd; more natural is writing “into” the notebook: í glósubókina after a writing verb.

Could I use notast við instead of nota?

Yes, notast við means “make use of, utilize” and is a bit more formal or technical:

Við notum glósubók (neutral).
Við notumst við glósubók (we make use of a notebook). Both are grammatical; the first is more common in everyday speech.