Hún sér konuna.

She sees the woman.

Breakdown of Hún sér konuna.

• hún: she
• konan: the woman
• sjá: to see

Questions & Answers about Hún sér konuna.

How does the noun change from “kona” to “konuna”?

Icelandic nouns change form depending on case and definiteness. Kona is the nominative indefinite form (meaning “a woman”), while konuna is the accusative definite form (meaning “the woman”).

Why does the sentence use the definite form “konuna”?

In Icelandic, if the noun is being specifically identified or is the direct object of the verb (and is known in context), you use the definite article. Since “Hún sér konuna” indicates a specific woman that “she” sees, konuna is the appropriate form.

What does “sér” mean, and is it related to any English word?

Sér is the third-person singular present tense of the verb sjá, which means “to see.” While it’s not cognate with an English verb (like “see”), it functions similarly—“she sees.”

Is there a special reason for “Hún” (she) being used instead of “Hann” (he) or “Það” (it)?

Yes, hún is simply the feminine third-person singular pronoun in Icelandic. Hann would be masculine and það would be neuter. African languages typically handle pronouns differently, but in Icelandic (like many Indo-European languages), there is a clear distinction between masculine, feminine, and neuter pronouns.

How do I pronounce “Hún sér konuna”?

A rough guide (using approximate English sounds) would be:
• Hún: Similar to “hoon” (with a long “oo” sound).
• sér: Sounds like “s-yehr” (the “é” here is pronounced like the “ye” in “yes,” but shorter).
• konuna: “ko-nu-na” (with the stress on the first syllable “ko” and short, clear vowel sounds in “nu” and “na”).