Kötturinn er lítill.

The cat is small.

Breakdown of Kötturinn er lítill.

• vera: to be
• kötturinn: the cat
• lítill: small

Questions & Answers about Kötturinn er lítill.

Why is the definite article attached to the noun (kötturinn) instead of using a separate word like 'the'?

In Icelandic (and other Scandinavian languages except English), the definite article is normally not a separate word but is attached to the end of the noun. For the word köttur (cat), you add the definite article suffix -inn to form kötturinn (the cat).

Why does lítill match the form of kötturinn?

Icelandic adjectives have to match the gender, number, and case of the noun they describe. The noun kötturinn is masculine, singular, and in the nominative case, so the adjective must take the masculine nominative singular form lítill.

How do I pronounce kötturinn properly?

• kö: Similar to "kö" in German or the vowel sound in "sir" but more rounded.
• tt: Pronounced as a hard "t," slightly dental.
• u: A short "oo" sound (like the "u" in "put").
• r: Rolled or trilled slightly.
• inn: The "i" is like the short "i" in "hit," and the double "n" indicates a slightly more prolonged nasal sound.

When should I use er instead of other forms like ertu or eru?

Er is the third-person singular present tense of the verb vera (to be) and translates to "is." You use it with third-person singular subjects like hann (he), hún (she), and það (it).
• Ertu is a contraction of ert þú ("are you...?"), which is second-person singular.
• Eru is used for plural subjects (e.g., þeir/þær/þau eru – “they are”).

Is the word order kötturinn er lítill typical in Icelandic?

Yes, the typical basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO), though Icelandic can sometimes be flexible. Here, the subject kötturinn comes first, then the verb er, and finally the adjective lítill describing the subject.