Hún yfirgefur húsið.

Hún means she.

It is the third-person singular feminine pronoun, used for a female person or sometimes for a feminine noun already being referred to.

In this sentence, hún is the subject: she is the one doing the action.

The basic dictionary form is að yfirgefa, which means to leave or to abandon.

Yfirgefur is the present tense form used with hún:

• ég yfirgef = I leave
• þú yfirgefur = you leave
• hún yfirgefur = she leaves

So yfirgefur here means leaves.

In Icelandic, verbs change depending on the subject.

Here, the subject is hún (she), so the verb takes the 3rd person singular present form:

• hún yfirgefur = she leaves

That -ur ending is very common in Icelandic present-tense verbs for he/she/it and also often for you singular.

Because húsið means the house, while hús means just house.

Icelandic usually puts the definite article onto the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like English the.

So:

• hús = house
• húsið = the house

That is one of the first big differences English speakers notice in Icelandic.

The -ið is the definite article attached to a neuter singular noun.

The noun is hús (house), which is neuter. When you make it definite, it becomes:

• hús = house
• húsið = the house

So -ið is basically the Icelandic equivalent of English the in this sentence.

Yes. After the verb að yfirgefa, the thing being left is put in the accusative case.

In this sentence, the house is the direct object, so it is accusative.

For the noun hús, the nominative and accusative singular happen to look the same:

• hús = house
• húsið = the house

So even though it is accusative here, the form does not visibly change from what you would also see in the nominative definite singular.

Yes, in this sentence it is basically the same as English:

• Hún = subject
• yfirgefur = verb
• húsið = object

So the pattern is Subject – Verb – Object:

Hún yfirgefur húsið.
She leaves the house.

That said, Icelandic word order can be more flexible than English in other contexts.

It can mean both leave and abandon, depending on context.

So Hún yfirgefur húsið could mean:

• She leaves the house
• She abandons the house

In many everyday situations, learners will understand it as she leaves the house, but the verb can sometimes sound stronger than plain English leave.

Context tells you which nuance is intended.

A rough English-friendly guide is:

• Hún ≈ hoon
• yfirgefur ≈ IH-vir-geh-vur
• húsið ≈ HOO-si-th

A few useful points:

• ú is a long vowel sound, roughly like oo but not exactly the same as English.
• The stress in Icelandic usually falls on the first syllable of the word.
• ð is like the th in this, though in actual speech it can be softer depending on position and speaker.

So the sentence is stressed roughly like:

HÚN YFIRgefur HÚsið

Normally, no. Icelandic usually does use the subject pronoun.

So you would normally say:

• Hún yfirgefur húsið. = She leaves the house.

Leaving out hún would usually sound incomplete unless the sentence were restructured in some special context.

This is different from languages like Spanish or Italian, where subject pronouns are often omitted.

Hús is a neuter noun.

Yes, that matters, because gender affects things like:

• the form of the attached definite article
• adjectives
• pronouns in some contexts

Here it matters because the house becomes húsið, with the neuter singular definite ending -ið.

So even though hún is feminine because it means she, hús itself is neuter because grammatical gender in Icelandic belongs to nouns.

Sometimes, yes.

The Icelandic present tense can often cover both:

• She leaves the house
• She is leaving the house

Which one sounds best depends on context.

If this sentence appears by itself, English often prefers She is leaving the house if it describes something happening right now, but She leaves the house is still the direct grammatical match.

So the Icelandic present tense is a bit more flexible than English in this way.