Mindenki hangosan tapsol a dal után.

In Hungarian, mindenki is grammatically treated as singular, even though it refers to many people.

So:

• Mindenki tapsol. = Everyone is clapping.

This is similar to English, where we also usually say:

• Everyone claps not
• Everyone clap

So the singular verb tapsol is exactly what you would expect after mindenki.

Hangosan means loudly.

It comes from:

• hangos = loud

and the adverb-forming ending:

• -an / -en / -on

So:

• hangos = loud
• hangosan = loudly

This is a very common pattern in Hungarian:

• lassú = slow → lassan = slowly
• gyors = fast → gyorsan = quickly
• hangos = loud → hangosan = loudly

So hangosan tapsol means claps loudly.

Yes. Tapsol is the 3rd person singular present tense form of the verb tapsol, meaning to clap.

So:

• én tapsolok = I clap / I am clapping
• te tapsolsz = you clap
• ő tapsol = he/she claps
• mindenki tapsol = everyone claps

In this sentence, it can usually be translated as either:

• Everyone claps loudly after the song or
• Everyone is clapping loudly after the song

Hungarian present tense often covers both simple present and present progressive, depending on context.

Because után is a postposition in Hungarian, not a preposition.

In English, prepositions come before the noun:

• after the song

In Hungarian, many equivalent words come after the noun phrase:

• a dal után = after the song

So the structure is:

• a dal = the song
• után = after
• a dal után = after the song

This is very normal in Hungarian:

• a ház előtt = in front of the house
• az iskola mellett = next to the school
• a vacsora után = after dinner

The word a is the definite article, meaning the.

So:

• dal = song
• a dal = the song

Hungarian uses definite articles in many places where English also uses the, so a dal után is simply after the song.

Remember:

• a is used before consonant sounds
• az is used before vowel sounds

For example:

• a dal = the song
• az étel = the food

Után can be used in both time and space meanings.

In this sentence, it is temporal:

• a dal után = after the song

But it can also mean something like behind or after in a spatial or figurative sense, depending on context.

Examples:

• A ház után van egy kert. = There is a garden behind the house.
• Utánam! = Follow me! / After me!

So here it clearly means after in time, but the word itself is broader.

No, Hungarian word order is often flexible, but changing it can shift the focus or emphasis.

This sentence has a fairly neutral word order:

• Mindenki hangosan tapsol a dal után.

Other possible orders include:

• A dal után mindenki hangosan tapsol.
  • Emphasizes after the song
• Mindenki a dal után tapsol hangosan.
  • Possible, but slightly different in rhythm or emphasis
• Hangosan tapsol mindenki a dal után.
  • Can sound more stylistic or focused on loudly

So the original sentence is a natural, neutral way to say it.

Mindenki means everyone / everybody.

It does not mean anyone.

For comparison:

• mindenki = everyone
• valaki = someone
• bárki = anyone
• senki = no one

So in this sentence, mindenki clearly means that all the people involved are clapping.

Here, dal is singular because the sentence means after the song, referring to one song.

So:

• a dal után = after the song

If you wanted to say after the songs, you would use the plural:

• a dalok után

Compare:

• dal = song
• dalok = songs

So the singular is used simply because the sentence refers to one song.

A rough English-style pronunciation would be:

• Mindenki ≈ MIN-den-kee
• hangosan ≈ HAHN-go-shahn
• tapsol ≈ TOP-shol
• a dal után ≈ aw dahl oo-TAAN

A few helpful points:

• Hungarian stress is almost always on the first syllable of each word.
• s is pronounced like English sh
• sz is pronounced like English s
• a is usually a short open vowel, not exactly like English a
• á is a longer vowel

So hangosan tapsol sounds roughly like:

• HAHN-go-shahn TOP-shol

Yes, that is possible.

Both of these are understandable and natural:

• Mindenki hangosan tapsol a dal után.
• Mindenki tapsol hangosan a dal után.

The difference is mainly one of emphasis and rhythm.

• hangosan tapsol puts loudly right before the verb, which is a common and natural placement.
• tapsol hangosan is also fine, but may sound slightly more like the speaker is adding loudly afterward.

So the original version is very natural, but your alternative is also possible.