Miután a zenekar fellép, a közönség ráadást kér.

Miután means after and is a subordinating conjunction. It introduces a time clause:

• Miután a zenekar fellép, ... = After the band performs, ...

So the first part sets the time for what happens in the main clause.

Because Miután a zenekar fellép is a subordinate clause, and Hungarian normally separates it from the main clause with a comma.

So the structure is:

• Miután a zenekar fellép, = subordinate time clause
• a közönség ráadást kér. = main clause

This is very similar to English: After the band performs, the audience asks for an encore.

Fellép means to perform, to appear on stage, or to give a performance.

It comes from:

• fel = up
• lép = step

But as a whole, fellép is a fixed verb meaning perform / go on stage. You should learn it as one unit.

Examples:

• A zenekar este fellép. = The band performs in the evening.
• Hol lép fel a zenekar? = Where is the band performing?

Notice that in other word orders the verbal prefix may move:

• A zenekar fellép.
• A zenekar nem lép fel.

Because Hungarian often uses the present tense where English might also use a present tense for general or scheduled events, or where the sentence describes a regular sequence of events.

So this sentence can be understood as:

• a general pattern: After the band performs, the audience asks for an encore
• a narrative/present-style description of what happens

Also, in Hungarian, after time words like miután, the present tense is often used naturally when describing a sequence.

If you wanted to make it clearly past, you could say:

• Miután a zenekar fellépett, a közönség ráadást kért. = After the band had performed / performed, the audience asked for an encore.

A zenekar means the band.

• zenekar = band, orchestra
• a = the before a consonant

Hungarian has definite articles:

• a before consonant sounds
• az before vowel sounds

So:

• a zenekar = the band
• az együttes = the ensemble

A közönség means the audience.

• közönség = audience
• a közönség = the audience

It is the subject of the main clause:

• a közönség ráadást kér = the audience asks for an encore

Here ráadás means encore.

In other contexts, ráadás can also mean something like:

• extra
• bonus
• in addition

But in a concert context, ráadást kér is the normal idea of asking for an encore.

Because ráadást is the accusative form of ráadás.

Hungarian marks direct objects with -t:

• ráadás = encore
• ráadást = encore (as the object)

Here it is the thing being asked for:

• A közönség ráadást kér. = The audience asks for an encore.

Other examples:

• könyv → könyvet
• almát from alma
• ráadás → ráadást

This is a very common Hungarian learner question. Hungarian verbs can use indefinite or definite conjugation.

Here:

• kér = indefinite conjugation
• kéri = definite conjugation

The sentence has:

• ráadást kér = asks for an encore

This is treated as an indefinite object: the audience is asking for an encore, not a specific, already identified encore.

Compare:

• A közönség ráadást kér. = The audience asks for an encore.
  → indefinite object → kér

• A közönség a ráadást kéri. = The audience is asking for the encore.
  → definite object → kéri

So the lack of article before ráadást matches the indefinite verb form kér.

Because it means an encore, not the encore.

Hungarian often leaves the noun without an article when it is indefinite in this kind of expression.

So:

• ráadást kér = asks for an encore
• a ráadást kéri = asks for the encore

This also connects directly to the verb form:

• no definite article → usually indefinite conjugation → kér
• definite article present → definite conjugation → kéri

The sentence as given is perfectly natural, but Hungarian word order is more flexible than English word order.

Neutral order:

• Miután a zenekar fellép, a közönség ráadást kér.

You could also put the main clause first if the context supports it:

• A közönség ráadást kér, miután a zenekar fellép.

Both are grammatical, but the original version is the most straightforward if you want to emphasize the time relationship first.

Within the clause, word order can also shift for emphasis, but the neutral version is best for learners.

Usually, yes. Miután normally introduces a clause with its own subject and verb.

For example:

• Miután a zenekar fellép, ...
• Miután hazaértem, ...

If you want to say after the concert or after the performance, Hungarian would usually use a different structure, often with a noun plus a case ending or postposition, for example:

• a koncert után = after the concert

So:

• miután
  • clause
• után
  • noun

The structure is:

• Miután a zenekar fellép,
  = After the band performs,
• a közönség ráadást kér.
  = the audience asks for an encore.

More abstractly:

• Miután
  • subordinate clause
• main clause

And inside the main clause:

• a közönség = subject
• ráadást = object
• kér = verb

So it is a good example of a simple Hungarian sentence with:

1. a time clause,
2. a clear subject,
3. an accusative object,
4. an indefinite verb form.