Azt még nem értem.

Because azt is the direct object: that or it.

Hungarian often puts the thing being talked about near the front, especially if it is the topic of the sentence. So Azt még nem értem feels like:

That, I still don’t understand.

In natural English, we would usually just say I still don’t understand that.

Az is the basic form meaning that.

Azt is the accusative form, used for a direct object. The ending -t marks the object.

So:

• az = that
• azt = that / it as the thing being understood

Since understand takes an object, Hungarian uses azt.

In this sentence, még means still or yet.

With a negative verb, még nem often means:

• not yet
• still not

So Azt még nem értem can be understood as:

• I still don’t understand that
• I don’t understand that yet

Both are good translations in English.

In Hungarian, nem is the basic word for not, and it normally comes directly before the verb it negates.

So:

• értem = I understand it/that
• nem értem = I don’t understand it/that

That is the normal pattern.

Because Hungarian has two kinds of verb conjugation: indefinite and definite.

Here, the object is azt, which is definite: that / it.
When the object is definite, the verb usually uses the definite conjugation.

For érteni (to understand):

• értek = I understand something indefinite or in a general sense
• értem = I understand it/that with a definite object

So Azt még nem értem uses értem because azt is definite.

It is built into the verb.

In Hungarian, the ending of the verb usually shows the subject, so én (I) is often omitted.

Here, értem already tells you the subject is I.

If you said Én azt még nem értem, the én would add emphasis, something like:

I still don’t understand that.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Hungarian often uses demonstratives in places where English might use it. So azt may refer to:

• something physically or mentally distant: that
• something already mentioned: it

In context, Azt még nem értem could mean either:

• I still don’t understand that
• I still don’t understand it

Yes, if the object is already clear from context.

• Még nem értem. = I don’t understand yet / I still don’t get it.
• Azt még nem értem. = That part / that thing, I still don’t understand.

Including azt makes the object more explicit and often gives it a bit more emphasis.

Yes, but the nuance changes.

Hungarian word order is flexible, and different orders can highlight different parts of the sentence.
Azt még nem értem is a very natural way to say that that is the thing you still do not understand.

Other orders are possible, but they may sound different in emphasis or less neutral in some contexts.

For example:

• Még nem értem azt. = possible, but less natural in many everyday contexts
• Azt nem értem. = I don’t understand that
• Azt még nem értem. = I still don’t understand that

So the given version is a good, natural sentence.

No, they are opposites in meaning.

• még nem = not yet / still not
• már nem = no longer / not anymore

So:

• Azt még nem értem. = I don’t understand that yet.
• Azt már nem értem. = I don’t understand that anymore.

That is an important difference.

Yes. Ezt means this, while azt means that.

So:

• Ezt még nem értem. = I still don’t understand this.
• Azt még nem értem. = I still don’t understand that.

The grammar is the same; only the demonstrative changes.

It is the normal verb for understanding something in the sense of grasping meaning or explanation.

So it works well in sentences like:

• Értem. = I understand.
• Nem értem. = I don’t understand.
• Azt még nem értem. = I still don’t understand that.

It is one of the most common Hungarian verbs, so this sentence is very useful in real conversation.