A tanárnő a papír másolatát is elteheti a fiókba.

Yes. Tanárnő means female teacher.

• tanár = teacher
• nő = woman
• in words like this, -nő marks that the person is female

So tanárnő specifically identifies the teacher as a woman. In modern Hungarian, tanár can often be used regardless of gender, but tanárnő is still very common when the speaker wants to make the teacher’s gender explicit.

Because Hungarian possessive noun phrases are built differently from English.

Here, a papír másolatát means the copy of the paper. In this kind of structure, the article often comes before the possessor:

• a papír másolata = the paper’s copy / the copy of the paper

That one a makes the whole phrase definite. Hungarian does not normally say:

• a papír a másolata ❌

So even though English has the copy, Hungarian does not need a separate article directly before másolatát here.

Because másolatát is the direct object of the verb, so it needs the accusative ending.

Breakdown:

• másolat = copy
• másolata = its copy / the copy of it
• másolatát = its copy + accusative, so the copy as an object

In this sentence, the teacher can put away the copy, so the noun has to appear in object form.

It has three important pieces:

• másolat = copy
• -a = possessive ending, here meaning its
• -t = accusative ending, marking the direct object

So:

• másolata = its copy
• másolatát = its copy, as the object of the verb

The long á appears because of the way the endings combine in pronunciation and spelling.

Because Hungarian usually marks possession on the possessed thing, not mainly on the possessor.

So:

• a papír másolata
  literally something like the paper its-copy

This is normal Hungarian structure. English tends to mark possession with of or 's, but Hungarian often shows it by adding a possessive ending to the possessed noun.

Yes, that is also grammatical.

Hungarian has two common ways to express this:

• a papír másolatát
• a papírnak a másolatát

The version without -nak/-nek is often more compact and very common. The -nak/-nek version can sound more explicit, sometimes a bit more formal, or can help with emphasis or clarity in a longer sentence.

Here is means also / too.

It follows the word or phrase it belongs to. In this sentence it comes after a papír másolatát, so it means:

• the copy of the paper too
• also the copy of the paper

If you move is, the meaning changes:

• A tanárnő is... = the teacher too
• a fiókba is... = into the drawer too

So the position of is is very important.

Elteheti comes from the verb eltesz, which means something like put away, set aside, or store.

It can be analyzed like this:

• el- = a verbal prefix
• tesz = put, place
• -het = can / may
• -i = 3rd person singular definite verb ending

So elteheti means he/she can put it away or may put it away.

Because Hungarian verbs have two conjugations: indefinite and definite.

Here the object is definite:

• a papír másolatát = a specific copy

So the verb uses the definite form:

• elteheti

Compare:

• Eltehet egy másolatot. = He/she can put away a copy.
  Here the object is indefinite, so eltehet is used.

Because -ba/-be means into, while -ban/-ben means in.

• fiókba = into the drawer
• fiókban = in the drawer

Since the action is putting something away into the drawer, Hungarian uses -ba.

This is a very common contrast in Hungarian:

• movement into something → -ba/-be
• location inside something → -ban/-ben

Yes, but in a normal Hungarian way. Hungarian word order is flexible and often shows topic and emphasis, not just basic grammar.

This sentence is a natural arrangement:

• A tanárnő = topic, what the sentence is about
• a papír másolatát is = also part of the information being presented
• elteheti = verb
• a fiókba = destination

If you move parts around, the emphasis changes. For example:

• A tanárnő is elteheti a papír másolatát a fiókba.
  = The teacher too can put the copy away.

• A papír másolatát is elteheti a tanárnő a fiókba.
  = stronger attention on the copy of the paper too

So Hungarian word order is not random, but it is more flexible than English.